AreaProfile

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

Metro Area Profile

6,318,377 residents. Jobs, income, development, climate and physical risk across the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV metropolitan area.

71
Area Score
Top 30% of 99 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Opportunity60th of 99 published metros54
Growth58th of 99 published metros46
Housing affordability59th of 99 published metros80
ClimateTop 33% of 99 published metros74
Physical resilienceTop 18% of 99 published metros80
AccessTop 34% of 99 published metros97
Economic stabilityTop 3% of 99 published metros97
The quick read

Natural-hazard exposure is lower than in most comparable published metro profiles, placing Washington-Arlington-Alexandria in the top 18% for physical resilience.

A major airport is 8 miles away, giving the area unusually direct access to the national air network.

Its Area Score of 71 places Washington-Arlington-Alexandria in the top 30% of published metro profiles.

At a glance

Population
6,318,377
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$126,684
Top 1% nationally
Density
1,047/sq mi
6033.7 sq mi of land
Median age
38.0
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Metro area
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
Nearest major airport
IAD
8 mi · Washington Dulles Intl
Median home value
$579,900
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.1% is lower than 58% of the 99 measured US metros.

Employment fell 2.7% over the past year, to 3,318,328 employed residents.

54% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 99% of measured US metros.

Household income is higher than at least 99% of measured US metros.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$733$126,684Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$306$63,554Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate8.1%Bottom 4%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute35.1 minTop 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher54.4%Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment3,318,328Top 5%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-3.8%Bottom 3%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-2.7%Bottom 5%June 2026
Labor force3,458,582Top 5%June 2026
Labor force participation70.8%Top 2%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$91,930Top 2%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$71,060Top 3%2025 OEWS
Metro employment3,136,190Top 5%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)0.2%Top 39%June 2026
Unemployment rate4.1%Bottom 42%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032026/012026/065.42.2
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.1% in June 2026.
Largest occupations — Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
General and Operations Managers112,530$156,460
Business Operations Specialists, All Other76,600$104,770
Software Developers69,060$154,930
Retail Salespersons66,920$36,610
Management Analysts62,360$126,830
Fast Food and Counter Workers60,560$34,600

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $2,027 takes 19% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 4.6 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
19.2%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
4.6×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$2,027
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$579,900
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income4.58Top 18%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate63.7%Bottom 18%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±4292,506,631Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$11$2,027Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$2,374$579,900Top 4%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income19.2%Top 38%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate5.3%Bottom 4%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
46/ 100
Ranks 58 of 99 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing, measured from 2024 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 3% since 2020, reaching 6,436,489 in 2024.

At 3.5 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US metros.

Units permitted
22K
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
3.5
Bottom 40% nationally
Year over year
+15%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
54.7%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
202020212022202320246436k6259k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 88°F and January a low of 25°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 43.2 inches, including 21.0 inches of snow.

10°30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station WASHINGTON DC DULLES AP, 7.9 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND4.7"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation43.2"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall21.0"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low25°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high88°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing43°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

80 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are hurricane, cold wave and drought.

HurricaneModerate
LandslideModerate
Cold waveModerate
DroughtModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, winter weather, lightning, strong wind, inland flooding, earthquake, hail, tornado, ice storm, coastal flooding, wildfire, avalanche.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. This value is the population-weighted mean of all component counties; expected annual loss is their sum. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

Taxes

AreaProfile does not yet publish tax comparisons. No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, methodology transparency and update cadence, and the product rule is to omit a dimension rather than estimate it. The Area Score is calculated without a tax component and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Nothing on AreaProfile is individualized tax advice.

Access

3 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 8 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Washington Dulles IntlIAD8 mi11,500 ft
Baltimore/Washington Intl Thurgood MarshallBWI50 mi10,503 ft
Richmond IntlRIC92 mi9,003 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

Customize your score

What matters to you?

Choose what you weight most heavily. Nothing is saved to an account — your preferences stay in this browser, and the Area Score never changes.

Area Score
71
Your Score

Select one or more priorities to see how this location scores against them.

Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)

Profile recalculated August 29, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.