Fairfax, Virginia
Area Profile
25,026 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Fairfax, in Fairfax city.
How this area ranks
Data updated · 13 sourcesUnemployment is 3.1% and median household income $132,348, putting employment conditions in the middle range of cities measured.
In the public schools here, 84% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 15.0 students for every teacher. Math proficiency and 1 other measure here are published for Fairfax city, VA, which contains Fairfax, rather than for Fairfax alone.
Residential permitting has slowed: 20 units authorized over the past twelve months, 84% below the prior year. That follows a longer stretch moving the other way, through 2025.
These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.
At a glance
Jobs & opportunity
Unemployment of 3.1%, lower than in 91% of the 4,226 measured US cities.
Employment fell 2.4% over the past year, to 13,987 employed residents.
62% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 94% of measured US cities.
Median household income of $132,348 is higher than in 93% of measured US cities.
| Metric | Value | Compared nationally | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income ±$10,0152024 ACS 5-Year | $132,348 | Top 7%of 29,223 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Per capita income ±$4,0262024 ACS 5-Year | $63,647 | Top 8%of 31,420 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Poverty rate ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year | 6.0% | Top 29%of 31,773 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Average commute ±1.4 min2024 ACS 5-Year | 31.0 min | Bottom 30%of 31,543 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Bachelor's degree or higher ±4%2024 ACS 5-Year | 62.4% | Top 6%of 31,919 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Drove alone to work ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year | 52.6% | 7th percentileof 31,433 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| EmploymentJuly 2026 | 13,987 | Bottom 11%of 4,226 | July 2026 |
| Employment change (3 years)July 2026 | −1.2% | Bottom 38%of 4,226 | July 2026 |
| Employment change (year over year)July 2026 | −2.4% | Bottom 14%of 4,226 | July 2026 |
| Labor forceJuly 2026 | 14,435 | 10th percentileof 4,226 | July 2026 |
| Labor force participation ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year | 86.4% | Top 19%of 31,513 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Mean annual wageWashington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area’s figure2025 OEWS | $91,930 | Top 6%of 3,729 | 2025 OEWS |
| Median annual wageWashington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area’s figure2025 OEWS | $71,060 | Top 8%of 3,729 | 2025 OEWS |
| Public transit to work ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year | 3.9% | 94th percentileof 31,433 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026 | +0.1% | Bottom 39%of 4,226 | July 2026 |
| Unemployment rateJuly 2026 | 3.1% | Top 9%of 4,226 | July 2026 |
| Worked from home ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year | 29.1% | 94th percentileof 31,433 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
Unemployment rate
Median household income, successive ACS releases
Largest occupations — Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
| Occupation | People employed | Median annual wage |
|---|---|---|
| General and Operations Managers | 112,530 | $156,460 |
| Business Operations Specialists, All Other | 76,600 | $104,770 |
| Software Developers | 69,060 | $154,930 |
| Retail Salespersons | 66,920 | $36,610 |
| Management Analysts | 62,360 | $126,830 |
| Fast Food and Counter Workers | 60,560 | $34,600 |
Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.
Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
84% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 80% in reading, across the schools here that reported results. Math proficiency and 1 other measure here are published for Fairfax city, VA, which contains Fairfax, rather than for Fairfax alone.
There are 15.0 students for every full-time teacher, fewer than in most measured places. The student-teacher ratio is published for Fairfax city, VA, which contains Fairfax, rather than for Fairfax alone.
The proficiency and staffing figures above are for Fairfax city, VA: too few schools in Fairfax reported a usable figure on their own to weight one honestly.
Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Virginia’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.
Housing & affordability
How it’s calculated — housing affordability →Prices for everything a household buys run about 10% above the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 109.5, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.
The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for the Arlington-Alexandria-Reston, VA-WV Metropolitan Division is up 34% over five years, and up 2.6% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.
Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $6,515 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.90% of the median home value.
HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $2,590, some 15% above the $2,245 tenants already here pay.
At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $2,590 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $103,600 a year, about 78% of the median household income here of $132,348.
The typical renter household here spends 31% of its income on rent, above the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $2,245 a month.
A median home at $722,600 costs 3.9 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $184,861, above the historic benchmark of about 3 times income.
Prices here run about 10% above the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.
Published for the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area as a whole. Prices are regional — people shop, commute and rent across a metropolitan area rather than within a city boundary — so this describes the cost of living around this place better than a figure drawn to its own limits would.
The figures above are measured against Fairfax’s median household income of $132,348, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.
| Metric | Value | Compared nationally | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of living indexthe Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area’s figure2023 | 109.5 | Bottom 27%of 3,700 | 2023 |
| Home price change (1 year)the Arlington-Alexandria-Reston, VA-WV Metropolitan Division’s figure2026 Q2 | +2.6% | 39th percentileof 4,154 | 2026 Q2 |
| Home price change (5 years)the Arlington-Alexandria-Reston, VA-WV Metropolitan Division’s figure2026 Q2 | +33.9% | 24th percentileof 4,154 | 2026 Q2 |
| Home price change (10 years)the Arlington-Alexandria-Reston, VA-WV Metropolitan Division’s figure2026 Q2 | +67.3% | 11th percentileof 4,154 | 2026 Q2 |
| Home price to income ±0.32024 ACS 5-Year | 3.9 | Bottom 19%of 26,815 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Homeownership rate ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year | 69.9% | 37th percentileof 31,717 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Housing units ±232024 ACS 5-Year | 9,313 | 93rd percentileof 32,177 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Market rent, one bedroomFY2026 | $2,320 | Bottom 12%of 4,072 | FY2026 |
| Market rent, three bedroomFY2026 | $3,270 | Bottom 15%of 4,072 | FY2026 |
| Market rent, two bedroomFY2026 | $2,590 | Bottom 14%of 4,072 | FY2026 |
| Median gross rent ±$1072024 ACS 5-Year | $2,245 | Bottom 5%of 23,120 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median home value ±$27,3322024 ACS 5-Year | $722,600 | 95th percentileof 29,111 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median property taxes ±$1852024 ACS 5-Year | $6,515 | 95th percentileof 26,440 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Owner household income ±$11,0752024 ACS 5-Year | $184,861 | Top 2%of 27,548 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Property tax rate ±0.04%2024 ACS 5-Year | 0.90% | 45th percentileof 20,543 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Rent as a share of income ±5%2024 ACS 5-Year | 30.6% | Bottom 38%of 22,950 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Seasonal and second homes ±642024 ACS 5-Year | 53 | 83rd percentileof 32,330 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year | 0.6% | 57th percentileof 31,895 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year | 1.1% | 18th percentileof 31,769 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Vacant housing units ±1132024 ACS 5-Year | 158 | 74th percentileof 32,330 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.
Growth & development
How it’s calculated — growth →Development Momentum
An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.
Population has grown 9% since 2020, reaching 26,340 in 2024.
Permit activity rose in each of the 5 calendar years through 2025. Over the twelve months since, it has turned the other way — 84% below the prior year.
New construction is predominantly single-family: of 20 units permitted over the past twelve months, none were in buildings of five or more homes.
At 0.8 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US cities.
Population, annual estimates
Housing units permitted per year
Weather & climate
7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 88°F and January a low of 25°F.
Normal annual precipitation is 43.2 inches, including 21.0 inches of snow.
Precipitation
| Metric | Value | Source period |
|---|---|---|
| Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals | 43.2" | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Annual snowfall1991-2020 Normals | 21.0" | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Average January low1991-2020 Normals | 25°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Average July high1991-2020 Normals | 88°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals | 7 | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals | 43°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. How to read climate and air quality.
Physical risk
The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, hurricane and heat wave, with inland flooding alone responsible for 67% of it. Inland flooding and heat wave are independently rated low or minimal nationally, so this describes how the loss is composed, not how large those hazards are.
Overall hazard risk is lower than 80% of measured US cities.
Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, lightning, winter weather, earthquake, strong wind, inland flooding, hail, ice storm, landslide, tornado, coastal flooding, wildfire, avalanche, tsunami, volcanic activity.
Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.
These are deaths, not offenses — they say nothing about burglary, theft or assault.
Fairfax city records 0.0 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, lower than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.
Firearm deaths of all intents run at about 8.3 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, since the figure counts suicides and accidents as well as homicides.
Drug overdose deaths run at about 9.1 per 100,000 residents in Fairfax city.
Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides, so the firearm figure and the homicide figure above it count some of the same deaths twice over. They overlap and should not be added together.
Death rates are crude rates — deaths divided by population, not adjusted for age — except where a count was too small for the CDC to publish and it modeled the rate, which the card marks. They come from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC by county and not below it. So they describe the county around Fairfax (Fairfax city) rather than Fairfax itself. They are shown and not scored. How to read death rates.
What this profile does not cover
Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.
- Reported crime
- Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. Either no municipal department reports for this place — many smaller communities are policed by the county — or its department did not report every month of the year. Either way there is no figure to show. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
- Air quality
- The EPA publishes an air-quality index only where a monitor sits. There is none in this county, and a modeled value would be a different kind of number from the measured ones everywhere else on this page.
- Taxes
- Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
- Anything about a specific address
- Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.
Access
4 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Washington Dulles Intl at 11 miles.
| Metric | Value | Compared nationally | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Broadband access ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year | 96.7% | Top 17%of 31,588 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Distance to major airportNASR current cycle | 11 mi | Top 29%of 4,226 | NASR current cycle |
| Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle | 4 | Bottom 38%of 4,226 | NASR current cycle |
| No internet access ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year | 2.4% | Top 21%of 31,588 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Airport | Code | Distance | Longest runway |
|---|---|---|---|
| Washington Dulles Intl | IAD | 11 mi | 11,500 ft |
| Baltimore/Washington Intl Thurgood Marshall | BWI | 41 mi | 10,503 ft |
| Richmond Intl | RIC | 93 mi | 9,003 ft |
Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.
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Other cities in Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
Same metropolitan area, measured the same way| City | County | Population | Area Score | Compare |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Washington | District of Columbia | 681,294 | 68 | Washington vs Fairfax |
| Arlington | Arlington County | 236,254 | 73 | Arlington vs Fairfax |
| Alexandria | Alexandria city | 156,976 | 60 | Alexandria vs Fairfax |
| Germantown | Montgomery County | 90,719 | 68 | |
| Frederick | Frederick County | 83,395 | 67 | |
| Waldorf | Charles County | 82,943 | 60 | |
| Silver Spring | Montgomery County | 81,462 | 68 | |
| Centreville | Fairfax County | 71,706 | 67 | |
| Dale City | Prince William County | 71,016 | 63 | |
| Gaithersburg | Montgomery County | 69,825 | 68 | |
| Bethesda | Montgomery County | 69,397 | 70 | |
| Rockville | Montgomery County | 67,671 | 70 |
Every city here is measured on the same scale from the same source releases, so the comparison is like for like. A higher Area Score reflects AreaProfile’s standardized weighting rather than a judgment about which is the better place to live.
Similar places
Matched on AreaProfile signals, not geographyCompare
Put Fairfax side by side with a similar place.
Moving to Fairfax from somewhere else?
You get the difference in prices, rent and weather, and the income that would keep pace.
Data & methodology
| Used for | Source | Source period |
|---|---|---|
| Access | Federal Aviation Administration Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service | NASR current cycle |
| Physical risk | Federal Emergency Management Agency National Risk Index | National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0) |
| Climate | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly) | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Housing | U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Regional price parities and county personal income | 2023 |
| Jobs | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Local Area Unemployment Statistics | July 2026 |
| Jobs | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics | 2025 OEWS |
| Development | U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey | 12 months ending July 2026 |
| Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, Jobs | U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File) | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Demographics | U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program | July 1, 2024 estimate |
| Safety | U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics Provisional county-level mortality by intent | March 2025 to February 2026; May 2025 to April 2026 |
| Schools | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments | 2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year |
| Housing | U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research Fair Market Rents | FY2026 |
| Housing | U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions) | 2026 Q2 |
| Current conditions | NOAA National Weather Service National Weather Service current conditions | Live observation, read when the page opens |
Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.