Columbus, OH

Metro Area Profile

2,175,788 residents. Jobs, income, development, climate and physical risk across the Columbus, OH metropolitan area.

71out of 100
Area Score
Top 7% of 834 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 12 sources
OpportunityTop 7% of 835 metro and micro areas measured79
Schools452nd of 695 metro and micro areas measured39
GrowthTop 22% of 834 metro and micro areas measured67
Housing affordabilityTop 35% of 835 metro and micro areas measured76
ClimateTop 44% of 835 metro and micro areas measured68
Physical resilienceTop 18% of 835 metro and micro areas measured77
AccessTop 2% of 835 metro and micro areas measured99
Economic stabilityTop 25% of 835 metro and micro areas measured72
The quick read

Columbus ranks in the top 7% of metro and micro areas measured for employment opportunity, with unemployment at 3.2% and median household income of $81,945.

In the public schools here, 62% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 17.9 students for every teacher.

Residential permitting has slowed: 13,239 units authorized over the past twelve months, 17% below the prior year. That follows a longer stretch moving the other way, through 2025.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
2,175,788
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$81,945
Top 15% nationally
Density
454/sq mi
4,797.4 sq mi of land
Median age
36.7
2024 ACS 5-Year
Area type
Metropolitan area
Ohio
Nearest major airport
CMH
4 mi · John Glenn Columbus Intl
Median home value
$300,800
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 3.2%, lower than in 86% of the 835 measured US metro and micro areas.

Employment fell 0.4% over the past year, to 1,136,538 employed residents.

40% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 89% of measured US metro and micro areas.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$7762024 ACS 5-Year$81,945Top 15%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$3702024 ACS 5-Year$44,770Top 14%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year11.4%Top 37%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±0.2 min2024 ACS 5-Year25.3 minBottom 36%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±0.5%2024 ACS 5-Year39.8%Top 11%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±0.4%2024 ACS 5-Year70.0%13th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentJuly 20261,136,538Top 4%of 835July 2026
Employment change (3 years)July 2026+2.2%Top 22%of 835July 2026
Employment change (year over year)July 2026−0.4%Top 44%of 835July 2026
Labor forceJuly 20261,174,03096th percentileof 835July 2026
Labor force participation ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year81.4%Top 18%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage2025 OEWS$67,270Top 22%of 3922025 OEWS
Median annual wage2025 OEWS$51,340Top 21%of 3922025 OEWS
Metro employment2025 OEWS1,105,58093rd percentileof 3922025 OEWS
Public transit to work ±0.1%2024 ACS 5-Year1.1%84th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026−1.3%Top 5%of 835July 2026
Unemployment rateJuly 20263.2%Top 14%of 835July 2026
Worked from home ±0.4%2024 ACS 5-Year18.8%96th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year

Unemployment rate

2021/072022/072023/072024/072025/072026/074.92.8
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 3.2% in July 2026. It has been falling, over a series running from 2020-01 to 2026-07. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.

Largest occupations — Columbus, OH

OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers31,590$28,670
Registered Nurses30,510$83,900
Stockers and Order Fillers30,130$39,040
General and Operations Managers29,070$102,590
Home Health and Personal Care Aides27,580$34,880
Retail Salespersons26,850$33,780

Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

62% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 66% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 17.9 students for every full-time teacher across 594 public schools, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
611
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
17.9
across 594 of them
Math proficiency
61.7%
Bottom 42% in Ohio
Reading proficiency
66.2%
Top 50% in Ohio
The 12 largest of 611 public schools, by enrollment.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Lincoln High SchoolGahanna-Jefferson City2,468—58%74%
Reynoldsburg High SchoolReynoldsburg City2,11517.3——
Dublin Jerome High SchoolDublin City2,07521.887%94%
Lancaster High SchoolLancaster City1,99521.542%67%
KIPP Columbus · charterKIPP Columbus1,94510.957%56%
Orange High SchoolOlentangy Local1,93621.074%84%
Upper Arlington High SchoolUpper Arlington City1,90822.484%89%
Grove City High SchoolSouth-Western City1,88120.461%71%
Groveport Madison High SchoolGroveport Madison Local1,86319.623%52%
Westland High SchoolSouth-Western City1,85320.432%58%
Olentangy Liberty High SchoolOlentangy Local1,84721.584%91%
Hilliard Davidson High SchoolHilliard City1,84718.776%78%

35.5% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with, not how the schools perform, so it is shown and not scored.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Ohio’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

Prices for everything a household buys run about 5% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 94.6, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for this area is up 46% over five years, and up 3.3% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $3,976 a year in real estate taxes, about 1.32% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,430, some 12% above the $1,274 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,430 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $57,200 a year, about 70% of the median household income here of $81,945.

The typical renter household here spends 28% of its income on rent, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,274 a month.

A median home at $300,800 costs 2.8 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $109,216, close to the historic benchmark for an affordable market.

Cost of living
94.6

Prices here run about 5% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Price level for all consumption in this metropolitan area against a national average of 100. Housing dominates the spread between places; goods vary far less.

Rent as a share of income
28.3%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
2.8×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,430
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,274
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$300,800
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Columbus’s median household income of $81,945, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living index202394.6Bottom 39%of 3862023
Home price change (1 year)2026 Q2+3.3%48th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)2026 Q2+46.1%58th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)2026 Q2+110.5%74th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.02024 ACS 5-Year2.8Bottom 43%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±0.5%2024 ACS 5-Year61.3%11th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±3982024 ACS 5-Year926,46696th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$1,194Bottom 20%of 818FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$1,715Bottom 28%of 818FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,430Bottom 20%of 818FY2026
Median gross rent ±$92024 ACS 5-Year$1,274Bottom 18%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$2,2902024 ACS 5-Year$300,80075th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$392024 ACS 5-Year$3,97690th percentileof 9332024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$1,1692024 ACS 5-Year$109,216Top 9%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.02%2024 ACS 5-Year1.32%79th percentileof 9322024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year28.3%Top 40%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±8842024 ACS 5-Year8,29289th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year0.9%24th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year5.8%27th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±2,2662024 ACS 5-Year61,80396th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.

Development Momentum

67/ 100
Top 22% of 834 published metro profiles
The most recent move in permitting was upward, in a series running from 2024 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 4% since 2020, reaching 2,225,377 in 2024.

At 6.1 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US metro and micro areas.

Units permitted
13K
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
6.1
Top 19% nationally
Year over year
−17%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
53.6%
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

202020212022202320242225k2142k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been rising for the last 4 years, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 85°F and January a low of 22°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 41.6 inches, including 28.2 inches of snow.

10°30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station COLUMBUS PORT COLUMBUS INTL AP, 2.9 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND4.7"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals41.6"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall1991-2020 Normals28.2"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals22°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals85°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals61991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals46°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

77 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, tornado and cold wave, with inland flooding alone responsible for 66% of it. Inland flooding and cold wave are independently rated low or minimal nationally, so this describes how the loss is composed, not how large those hazards are.

Overall hazard risk is lower than 82% of measured US metro and micro areas.

HailModerate
TornadoModerate

Low or minimal exposure: inland flooding, winter weather, heat wave, lightning, ice storm, strong wind, earthquake, cold wave, landslide, drought, hurricane, wildfire, coastal flooding, tsunami, volcanic activity, avalanche.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. This value is the population-weighted mean of all component counties; expected annual loss is their sum. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. City profiles inside this area carry their own figure where their department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Death-certificate rates
The CDC publishes these rates by county, so a metropolitan area carries none of its own. The county profiles inside it do.
Air quality
The EPA publishes an air-quality index by county, and only where a monitor sits, so a metropolitan area carries none of its own. The county profiles inside it show it where one exists.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

6 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest John Glenn Columbus Intl at 4 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±0.2%2024 ACS 5-Year93.6%Top 5%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle4 miTop 2%of 835NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle6Top 15%of 835NASR current cycle
No internet access ±0.2%2024 ACS 5-Year4.7%Top 9%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
John Glenn Columbus IntlCMH4 mi10,114 ft
Rickenbacker IntlLCK12 mi11,902 ft
Mansfield Lahm RgnlMFD61 mi9,001 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
71
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Where Columbus ranks

Top-ten placements in AreaProfile’s standing rankings

Every ranking is a standing calculation over all published profiles, not an editorial selection. Each one states its cohort, its inputs and what it excludes.

Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
HousingU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWS
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.