Yakima County, WA

County Profile

257,152 residents. Safety, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Yakima County, WA.

Several figures AreaProfile publishes are measured by county and nowhere finer — death rates by intent among them. On this page those describe the geography they are printed on, which is not true of the city and ZIP pages that inherit them.

46out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 9% of 1,453 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 14 sources
Opportunity947th of 1,463 counties measured47
Schools1,289th of 1,377 counties measured13
Growth807th of 1,453 counties measured47
Housing affordability870th of 1,462 counties measured72
Climate918th of 1,463 counties measured64
Physical resilience1,181st of 1,463 counties measured33
Access1,374th of 1,463 counties measured43
Economic stability779th of 1,463 counties measured58
The quick read

Unemployment is 4.4% and median household income $70,656, putting employment conditions in the middle range of counties measured.

In the public schools here, 38% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 18.0 students for every teacher.

683 housing units were authorized over the past twelve months, within 7% of the prior year — steady rather than turning.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
257,152
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$70,656
Top 36% nationally
Density
60/sq mi
4,294.5 sq mi of land
Median age
33.3
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Yakima County
Washington
Metro area
Nearest major airport
MWH
85 mi · Grant County Intl
Median home value
$310,100
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.4% — higher than in all but 38% of the 1,467 measured US counties.

Unemployment has been falling for 6 consecutive months, most recently 4.4%.

Employment grew 0.5% over the past year, to 123,453 employed residents.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Income of new arrivalsfiling years 2022–2023$55,68741st percentileof 1,417filing years 2022–2023
Income of those who leftfiling years 2022–2023$54,20438th percentileof 1,417filing years 2022–2023
Median household income ±$2,4802024 ACS 5-Year$70,656Top 36%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$6042024 ACS 5-Year$30,448Bottom 27%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Per-capita personal income2023$52,686Bottom 36%of 1,3892023
Poverty rate ±1.0%2024 ACS 5-Year14.9%Bottom 37%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±0.5 min2024 ACS 5-Year21.7 minTop 23%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±0.9%2024 ACS 5-Year19.2%Bottom 33%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year78.8%59th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentJuly 2026123,453Top 20%of 1,467July 2026
Employment change (3 years)July 2026−2.0%Bottom 25%of 1,467July 2026
Employment change (year over year)July 2026+0.5%Top 29%of 1,467July 2026
Labor forceJuly 2026129,17481st percentileof 1,467July 2026
Labor force participation ±0.9%2024 ACS 5-Year77.3%Top 40%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Public transit to work ±0.1%2024 ACS 5-Year0.3%57th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026−0.8%Top 16%of 1,467July 2026
Unemployment rateJuly 20264.4%Bottom 38%of 1,467July 2026
Worked from home ±0.7%2024 ACS 5-Year7.3%38th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year

Unemployment rate

2021/072022/072023/072024/072025/072026/078.33.9
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.4% in July 2026. It has been falling for the last 6 months, over a series running from 2020-01 to 2026-07. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.

Median household income, successive ACS releases

202120222023202471k58k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $70,656 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

Largest occupations — Yakima, WA

OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Home Health and Personal Care Aides4,770$44,490
Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse4,550$39,070
Fast Food and Counter Workers3,280$35,830
Retail Salespersons2,680$36,640
Teaching Assistants, Except Postsecondary2,150$47,380
Cashiers2,110$36,010

Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

38% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 48% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 18.0 students for every full-time teacher across 90 public schools, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
109
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
18.0
across 90 of them
Math proficiency
37.6%
Bottom 15% in Washington
Reading proficiency
48.3%
Bottom 12% in Washington
The 12 largest of 109 public schools, by enrollment.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Davis High SchoolYakima School District2,35920.525%51%
Eisenhower High SchoolYakima School District2,25821.319%53%
Sunnyside High SchoolSunnyside School District2,12221.729%54%
West Valley High SchoolWest Valley School District (Yakima)1,49423.037%69%
West Valley Mid-Level CampusWest Valley School District (Yakima)1,16718.860%61%
Grandview High SchoolGrandview School District1,16023.218%44%
Selah High SchoolSelah School District1,15918.140%75%
East Valley High SchoolEast Valley School District (Yakima)1,06423.132%62%
Toppenish High SchoolToppenish School District96920.619%48%
Selah Middle SchoolSelah School District87118.545%59%
Wapato High SchoolWapato School District85318.520%47%
Franklin Middle SchoolYakima School District84820.241%52%

77.2% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with, not how the schools perform, so it is shown and not scored.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Washington’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

Prices for everything a household buys run about 2% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 97.9, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for the Yakima, WA Metro Area is up 34% over five years, and up 2.4% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $2,463 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.79% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,374, some 24% above the $1,109 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,374 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $55,000 a year, about 78% of the median household income here of $70,656.

The typical renter household here spends 28% of its income on rent, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,109 a month.

A median home at $310,100 costs 3.6 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $86,761, above the historic benchmark of about 3 times income.

Cost of living
97.9

Prices here run about 2% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Published for the Yakima, WA Metro Area as a whole. Prices are regional — people shop, commute and rent across a metropolitan area rather than within a city boundary — so this describes the cost of living around this place better than a figure drawn to its own limits would.

Rent as a share of income
27.6%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.6×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,374
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,109
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$310,100
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Yakima County’s median household income of $70,656, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living indexthe Yakima, WA Metro Area’s figure202397.9Bottom 35%of 8872023
Home price change (1 year)the Yakima, WA Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+2.4%26th percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)the Yakima, WA Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+34.3%15th percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)the Yakima, WA Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+109.0%75th percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.12024 ACS 5-Year3.6Bottom 17%of 3,2172024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±1.0%2024 ACS 5-Year61.8%9th percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±932024 ACS 5-Year92,43290th percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$1,047Bottom 40%of 1,423FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$1,911Bottom 26%of 1,423FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,374Bottom 30%of 1,423FY2026
Median gross rent ±$302024 ACS 5-Year$1,109Bottom 22%of 3,2152024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$7,5232024 ACS 5-Year$310,10082nd percentileof 3,2192024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$592024 ACS 5-Year$2,46376th percentileof 3,1722024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$2,1762024 ACS 5-Year$86,761Top 29%of 3,2182024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.03%2024 ACS 5-Year0.79%50th percentileof 3,1262024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year27.6%Top 48%of 3,2162024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±1942024 ACS 5-Year71967th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year0.8%20th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year4.3%10th percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±6332024 ACS 5-Year4,72478th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.

Development Momentum

47/ 100
Ranks 807 of 1,453 published county profiles
The most recent move in permitting was upward, in a series running from 2022 to 2025. That is the direction of the recent run. The chart below compares the first year with the last, which can point the other way.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 1% since 2020, reaching 258,523 in 2024.

Permitting has turned upward after moving the other way the year before: 696 units authorized in 2025, up 49% on the prior year.

New construction is predominantly single-family: of 683 units permitted over the past twelve months, only 7% are in buildings of five or more homes.

Federal tax returns show Yakima County lost about 0.6% of its residents through moves within the US in the most recent year, counting those who arrived against those who left. Households that moved in reported an average income of $55,687, close to the $54,204 of households that moved out.

At 2.7 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US counties.

Units permitted
683
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.7
Bottom 47% nationally
Year over year
+7%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
6.9%
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

20202021202220232024259k257k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been rising for the last 2 years, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

People moving in and out

Net migration
−0.6%
of residents, in a year
Arrivals from another state
45%
of people moving in
Income of arrivals
$55,687
average per tax return
Income of those who left
$54,204
average per tax return

Where newcomers came from

  1. Benton County, WA 671 people · 12% of arrivals
  2. King County, WA 454 people · 8.2% of arrivals
  3. Grant County, WA 272 people · 4.9% of arrivals
  4. Pierce County, WA 243 people · 4.4% of arrivals
  5. Spokane County, WA 196 people · 3.5% of arrivals

Where people who left went

  1. Benton County, WA 1,053 people · 16% of departures
  2. King County, WA 527 people · 7.8% of departures
  3. Grant County, WA 308 people · 4.6% of departures
  4. Spokane County, WA 246 people · 3.6% of departures
  5. Pierce County, WA 228 people · 3.4% of departures

Based on the address on federal tax returns, compared with the same filers a year earlier. It counts people who file, and sees a move only when the address on a return changes. Domestic moves only: people arriving from abroad are left out. IRS Statistics of Income, filing years 2022–2023.

Housing units permitted per year

2022202320242025708468
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was close to 2022 (−2%).

Weather & climate

5 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 90°F and January a low of 24°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 8.0 inches, including 20.3 inches of snow.

Air quality measures a median index of 37, in the Good band, and about 7 days a year pass 100, the threshold at which the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.

10°30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station YAKIMA AIR TERMINAL, 12.2 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND1.4"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index2024 calendar year632024 calendar year
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals8.0"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall1991-2020 Normals20.3"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals24°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals90°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals51991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 1002024 calendar year72024 calendar year
Median air quality index2024 calendar year372024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals42°F1991-2020 Normals

Air quality

Median air quality index
37
Good on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
63
90th percentile index
Days above 100
7
unhealthy for sensitive groups

A comfortable median and a bad tail are different problems. Wildfire smoke and summer ozone show up in the worst tenth of days, not in the middle of the year.

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. Air quality is measured by EPA monitors and published by county only where a monitor sits; a county without one shows nothing rather than an estimate, and a county reading is still the county’s. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

33 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, earthquake and wildfire, with inland flooding alone responsible for 36% of it.

WildfireHigh
LandslideModerate
Cold waveHigh
EarthquakeElevated
AvalancheModerate
Heat waveElevated
Inland floodingModerate
HailModerate
Volcanic activityModerate

Low or minimal exposure: winter weather, strong wind, lightning, ice storm, drought, tornado, tsunami, hurricane, coastal flooding.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). These are FEMA’s own figures for this county rather than a value derived from surrounding geographies. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offenses — they say nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Yakima County records 7.0 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, higher than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 16.0 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, since the figure counts suicides and accidents as well as homicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 40.5 per 100,000 residents in Yakima County.

Homicide
7.0
per 100,000 residents
Firearm deaths, all intents
16.0
per 100,000 residents
Drug overdose
40.5
per 100,000 residents
Suicide
14.8
per 100,000 residents

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides, so the firearm figure and the homicide figure above it count some of the same deaths twice over. They overlap and should not be added together.

Death rates are crude rates — deaths divided by population, not adjusted for age — except where a count was too small for the CDC to publish and it modeled the rate, which the card marks. They come from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC by county and not below it. So they describe Yakima County as a whole. They are shown and not scored. How to read death rates.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. City profiles inside this area carry their own figure where their department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

1 major airport lies within 100 miles, the nearest Grant County Intl at 85 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±0.9%2024 ACS 5-Year89.5%Top 30%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle85 miBottom 7%of 1,463NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle1Bottom 3%of 1,463NASR current cycle
No internet access ±0.9%2024 ACS 5-Year8.2%Top 33%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Grant County IntlMWH85 mi13,503 ft
Seattle-Tacoma IntlSEA101 mi11,901 ft
Boeing Fld/King County IntlBFI104 mi10,007 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
46
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
Demographics, IncomeInternal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
U.S. Population Migration Data (county to county)
filing years 2022–2023
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
Housing, IncomeU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
SafetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
March 2025 to February 2026; May 2025 to April 2026
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar year
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.

ZIP areas

Only ZIP areas whose income or home value differ from their city’s by at least ten percent get a profile of their own, so this is a selection rather than every ZIP code in the county.