Temple, Texas

Area Profile

89,602 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Temple, in Bell County.

66out of 100
Area Score
Top 30% of 2,944 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Opportunity2521st of 3,904 cities measured49
SchoolsTop 49% of 2,668 cities measured52
GrowthTop 14% of 2,973 cities measured72
Housing affordabilityTop 41% of 4,223 cities measured86
Climate2355th of 4,223 cities measured69
Physical resilienceTop 25% of 4,182 cities measured80
Access3528th of 4,226 cities measured75
Economic stability2940th of 4,226 cities measured49
The quick read

Unemployment is 5.2% and median household income $68,204, putting employment conditions in the middle range of published city profiles.

In the public schools here, 41% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 14.8 students for every teacher.

Residential permitting has slowed: 1,129 units authorized over the past twelve months, 17% below the prior year.

At a glance

Population
89,602
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$68,204
Top 48% nationally
Density
1,227/sq mi
73.0 sq mi of land
Median age
33.8
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Bell County
Texas
Metro area
Killeen-Temple, TX
Nearest major airport
CNW
41 mi · Tstc Waco
Median home value
$239,000
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 5.2% is lower than 19% of the 3,904 measured US cities.

Employment fell 1.1% over the past year, to 40,078 employed residents.

31% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 70% of measured US cities.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$2,488$68,204Top 48%of 29,5732024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,220$34,319Top 48%of 31,4202024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate16.0%Top 33%of 31,9002024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute22.3 minBottom 27%of 31,5432024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher30.6%Top 30%of 31,9192024 ACS 5-Year
Employment40,078Bottom 45%of 3,904June 2026
Employment change (3 years)4.4%Top 8%of 3,903June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-1.1%Bottom 43%of 3,904June 2026
Labor force42,259Bottom 45%of 3,904June 2026
Labor force participation63.4%Top 40%of 31,9332024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$62,390Bottom 23%of 3,6582025 OEWS
Median annual wage$46,660Bottom 14%of 3,6582025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)1.1%Top 3%of 3,904June 2026
Unemployment rate5.2%Top 19%of 3,904June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/065.73.5
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 5.2% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202468k56k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $68,204 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Killeen-Temple, TX
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers7,120$26,530
Registered Nurses5,340$93,440
Stockers and Order Fillers3,970$36,560
Retail Salespersons3,870$29,970
General and Operations Managers3,650$87,920
Cashiers3,250$28,610

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

41% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 38% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 14.8 students for every full-time teacher, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
24
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
14.8
across all schools here
Math proficiency
40.8%
Top 46% in Texas
Reading proficiency
38.1%
Bottom 45% in Texas
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
TEMPLE H STEMPLE ISD2,32013.8
LAKE BELTON H SBELTON ISD2,30015.8
NORTH BELTON MIDDLEBELTON ISD97917.250%46%
LAKE BELTON MIDDLEBELTON ISD80315.461%52%
THORNTON ELTEMPLE ISD76317.722%27%
TRAVIS SCIENCE ACADEMYTEMPLE ISD68613.252%27%
BONHAM MIDDLETEMPLE ISD62711.852%42%
CHARTER OAK ELBELTON ISD60212.843%45%
JOE M PIRTLE ELBELTON ISD57514.450%50%
HIGH POINT ELBELTON ISD56314.143%45%
LAMAR MIDDLETEMPLE ISD55312.642%27%
JEFFERSON ELTEMPLE ISD50417.430%32%

54.2% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Texas’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Prices for everything a household buys run about 8% below the national average, on the Bureau of Economic Analysis index. Housing drives most of that difference.

Median rent of $1,231 takes 22% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 3.5 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Cost of living
92.3

Prices here run about 8% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Rent as a share of income
21.7%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.5×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$1,231
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$239,000
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living index92.3Bottom 14%of 3,6582023
Home price to income3.50Top 36%of 28,4732024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate52.3%Bottom 11%of 31,8432024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±80437,299Top 1%of 32,3302024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$37$1,231Top 31%of 23,4322024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$7,087$239,000Top 38%of 29,3422024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income21.7%Top 31%of 23,2012024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate7.5%Bottom 40%of 32,0012024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
72/ 100
Top 14% of 2,973 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing — 3 consecutive years, measured from 2020 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 16% since 2020, reaching 96,267 in 2024.

Permit activity has fallen for 3 consecutive years.

Population is still rising, but more slowly than in the preceding year.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 2% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 12.6 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
1,129
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
12.6
Top 9% nationally
Year over year
−17%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
2.1%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
2020202120222023202496k83k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
202020222023202420252k1k
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was lower than 2020 (−9%).

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 95°F and January a low of 36°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 37.0 inches.

Air quality measures a median index of 46, in the Good band, and about 5 days a year pass 100, the threshold at which the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station STILLHOUSE HOLLOW DAM, 9.5 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND4.8"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index70.02024 calendar year
Annual precipitation37.0"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall0.0"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low36°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high95°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months61991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 10052024 calendar year
Median air quality index46.02024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing36°F1991-2020 Normals
Air quality
Median air quality index
46
Good on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
70
90th percentile index
Days above 100
5
unhealthy for sensitive groups

A comfortable median and a bad tail are different problems. Wildfire smoke and summer ozone show up in the worst tenth of days, not in the middle of the year.

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today. Air quality is measured rather than modelled, by EPA monitors, and published by county only where a monitor sits — roughly half the counties AreaProfile publishes have one, and the rest show nothing rather than an estimate. Air masses are regional, so a county reading describes the air over a place reasonably well, but it is still the county reading.

Physical risk

80 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are cold wave, hail and hurricane.

HailHigh
Cold waveModerate
WildfireModerate
HurricaneModerate

Low or minimal exposure: tornado, lightning, winter weather, heat wave, inland flooding, strong wind, ice storm, drought, landslide, earthquake.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

Violent crime
316
per 100,000 residents · 2024 calendar year
Property crime
2,385
per 100,000 residents · 2024 calendar year

Below these are deaths rather than offences, published for the county. The two measure different things and are not comparable with each other.

Temple's police department reported 316 violent offences per 100,000 residents, near the middle of places with a department reporting. Property crime runs at 2,385.

Bell County records 6.1 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, higher than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 18.3 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 13.0 per 100,000 residents in Bell County.

Homicide
6.1
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
18.3
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
13.0
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
18.6
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Offences are reported to the FBI by Temple’s own police department, for the population it serves, and are shown only where it reported every month of the year — a partial year is withheld rather than scaled up. Reported crime counts what was reported to and recorded by police, which is not the same as what happened, and a place that draws a large daytime workforce carries incidents its residents did not generate. Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Bell County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Temple rather than Temple itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Taxes
Taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Cost of living now is — the index above is the Bureau of Economic Analysis price parity for this area — but it is a price level for all consumption rather than a budget for a household, its spread is driven mostly by housing, and it excludes taxes. Housing affordability is computed separately from rent, price and income, because that answers a narrower and more actionable question. Nothing here is individualised tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house. School attendance zones, insurance pricing and the character of a neighbourhood all vary within the places measured here.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 41 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Tstc WacoCNW41 mi8,600 ft
Austin-Bergstrom IntlAUS65 mi12,250 ft
Dallas Love FldDAL124 mi8,800 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
66
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Other cities in Killeen-Temple, TX

Same metropolitan area, measured the same way
CityCountyPopulationArea ScoreCompare
KilleenBell County158,15960vs Temple
Copperas CoveCoryell County37,94767vs Temple
Harker HeightsBell County34,12865vs Temple
Fort HoodCoryell County26,814vs Temple
BeltonBell County24,35662vs Temple
GatesvilleCoryell County16,22863vs Temple

Every city here is measured on the same scale from the same source releases, so the comparison is like for like. A higher Area Score reflects AreaProfile’s standardized weighting rather than a judgment about which is the better place to live.

Compare

Put Temple side by side with a similar place.

Temple vs CleburneTemple vs Fox LakeTemple vs HickoryTemple vs Nicholasville

Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
safetyFederal Bureau of Investigation, Crime Data Explorer
Summarized offense counts by law enforcement agency
2024 calendar yearAnnually, with monthly revisions
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
HousingU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023Annually, each December
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar yearAnnually, once a calendar year is complete

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

ZIP codes in Temple

3 published ZIP profiles
ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeArea Score
7650252,669$82,08869
7650426,166$52,80361
7650117,752$62,53263