AreaProfile

Durham, North Carolina

Area Profile

291,467 residents. Jobs, income, climate, physical risk, development and airport access for Durham, in Durham County.

72
Area Score
Top 12% of 133 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 24% of 139 published cities68
GrowthTop 5% of 134 published cities76
Housing affordabilityTop 45% of 150 published cities70
ClimateTop 45% of 149 published cities72
Physical resilienceTop 31% of 150 published cities68
Access58th of 149 published cities97
Economic stabilityTop 23% of 150 published cities62
The quick read

Durham ranks in the top 24% of published city profiles for employment opportunity, with unemployment at 3.2% and median household income of $81,619.

Development activity is both elevated and accelerating — 4,643 housing units permitted over the past twelve months, up 33% on the prior year.

A major airport is 9 miles away, giving the area unusually direct access to the national air network.

At a glance

Population
291,467
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$81,619
Top 32% nationally
Density
2,453/sq mi
118.8 sq mi of land
Median age
35.1
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Durham County
North Carolina
Metro area
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC
Nearest major airport
RDU
9 mi · Raleigh-Durham Intl
Median home value
$392,800
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 3.2% is lower than 96% of the 140 measured US cities.

Employment fell 1.7% over the past year, to 160,787 employed residents.

57% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 92% of measured US cities.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$2,203$81,619Top 32%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,130$49,636Top 18%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate11.7%Top 47%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute24.0 minBottom 35%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher57.3%Top 8%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment160,787Top 43%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-1.1%Bottom 37%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-1.7%Bottom 29%June 2026
Labor force166,121Top 45%June 2026
Labor force participation69.2%Top 20%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$79,700Top 10%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$60,720Top 10%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)-0.4%Bottom 27%June 2026
Unemployment rate3.2%Bottom 4%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032026/012026/064.72.8
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 3.2% in June 2026.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202482k67k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $81,619 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Durham-Chapel Hill, NC
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Software Developers9,790$135,620
Retail Salespersons5,850$31,790
Medical Secretaries and Administrative Assistants5,820$46,860
Fast Food and Counter Workers5,350$29,170
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand5,250$37,750
Cashiers4,840$29,920

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $1,508 takes 22% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 4.8 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
22.2%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
4.8×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$1,508
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$392,800
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income4.81Top 17%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate52.3%Bottom 11%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±678136,837Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$31$1,508Top 20%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$6,855$392,800Top 18%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income22.2%Top 28%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate7.5%Bottom 40%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
76/ 100
Top 5% of 134 published city profiles
Permitting is increasing, measured from 2020 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 7% since 2020, reaching 301,870 in 2024.

Permitting has turned upward after moving the other way the year before.

At 16.1 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
4,643
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
16.1
Top 1% nationally
Year over year
+33%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
53.2%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
20202021202220232024302k282k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
202020222023202420254k3k
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was higher than 2020 (+24%).

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 91°F and January a low of 32°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 46.1 inches, including 5.2 inches of snow.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station RALEIGH DURHAM INTL AP, 8.8 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND5.2"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation46.1"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall5.2"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low32°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high91°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months61991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing39°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

68 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, hurricane and lightning.

Inland floodingModerate
LightningModerate
HurricaneElevated
DroughtModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, tornado, hail, strong wind, winter weather, ice storm, earthquake, cold wave, landslide, wildfire.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

Taxes

AreaProfile does not yet publish tax comparisons. No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, methodology transparency and update cadence, and the product rule is to omit a dimension rather than estimate it. The Area Score is calculated without a tax component and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Nothing on AreaProfile is individualized tax advice.

Access

3 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 9 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Raleigh-Durham IntlRDU9 mi10,000 ft
Piedmont Triad IntlGSO59 mi10,001 ft
Kinston Rgnl Jetport At Stallings FldISO85 mi11,498 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)

Profile recalculated August 29, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

ZIP codes in Durham

5 published ZIP profiles
ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeArea Score
2770363,458$89,31773
2771359,197$100,67676
2770751,274$74,40671
2770549,923$73,06668
2770440,102$69,66870