AreaProfile

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

Metro Area Profile

1,969,337 residents. Jobs, income, development, climate and physical risk across the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA metropolitan area.

61
Area Score
Bottom 28% of 99 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 28% of 99 published metros71
GrowthTop 49% of 99 published metros52
Housing affordability94th of 99 published metros48
ClimateTop 3% of 99 published metros89
Physical resilience82nd of 99 published metros25
Access82nd of 99 published metros77
Economic stabilityTop 6% of 99 published metros95
The quick read

Housing costs more relative to local incomes than in most published city profiles, with rent taking 21% of median household income.

Physical-risk exposure is above the national median, driven mainly by earthquake, inland flooding and heat wave.

Its Area Score of 61 places San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara in the top 72% of published metro profiles.

At a glance

Population
1,969,337
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$162,111
Top 1% nationally
Density
735/sq mi
2679.7 sq mi of land
Median age
38.0
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Metro area
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
Nearest major airport
SJC
44 mi · Norman Y Mineta San Jose Intl
Median home value
$1,447,800
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.0% is lower than 62% of the 99 measured US metros.

Employment fell 0.6% over the past year, to 1,011,902 employed residents.

55% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 99% of measured US metros.

Household income is higher than at least 100% of measured US metros.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$1,963$162,111Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$693$79,109Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate7.1%Bottom 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute28.8 minTop 13%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher55.5%Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment1,011,902Top 36%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)0.2%Bottom 44%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-0.6%Top 44%June 2026
Labor force1,054,325Top 36%June 2026
Labor force participation67.3%Top 9%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$119,230Top 1%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$84,050Top 1%2025 OEWS
Metro employment1,134,970Top 27%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)-0.5%Bottom 14%June 2026
Unemployment rate4.0%Bottom 38%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032026/012026/065.82.6
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.0% in June 2026.
Largest occupations — San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Software Developers87,350$213,110
Home Health and Personal Care Aides49,610$37,640
Fast Food and Counter Workers23,060$44,570
Registered Nurses22,930$216,740
Computer and Information Systems Managers19,070$291,660
Retail Salespersons18,340$44,220

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $2,840 takes 21% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 8.9 times median household income here, well above the historic benchmark, at a level conventionally described as seriously unaffordable.

Rent as a share of income
21.0%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
8.9×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$2,840
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$1,447,800
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income8.93Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate55.5%Bottom 3%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±287720,159Top 4%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$19$2,840Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$13,455$1,447,800Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income21.0%Top 20%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate5.6%Bottom 6%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
52/ 100
Top 49% of 99 published city profiles
Permitting is increasing, measured from 2024 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has been broadly flat since 2020, at 1,995,484 in 2024.

72% of recently permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes, so new supply is concentrated in apartments and condominiums rather than detached houses.

At 4.0 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US metros.

Units permitted
7,788
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
4.0
Bottom 44% nationally
Year over year
+126%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
71.8%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
202020212022202320241995k1945k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.

Weather & climate

9 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 71°F and January a low of 42°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 12.6 inches.

30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station SALINAS MUNICIPAL AP, 21.4 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND2.6"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation12.6"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low42°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high71°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months91991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing13°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

25 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are earthquake, inland flooding and heat wave.

EarthquakeHigh
DroughtModerate
Inland floodingHigh
Heat waveModerate
AvalancheModerate

Low or minimal exposure: landslide, wildfire, coastal flooding, tornado, lightning, hail, tsunami, volcanic activity, strong wind, winter weather.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. This value is the population-weighted mean of all component counties; expected annual loss is their sum. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

Taxes

AreaProfile does not yet publish tax comparisons. No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, methodology transparency and update cadence, and the product rule is to omit a dimension rather than estimate it. The Area Score is calculated without a tax component and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Nothing on AreaProfile is individualized tax advice.

Access

5 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 44 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Norman Y Mineta San Jose IntlSJC44 mi11,000 ft
Stockton MetroSCK69 mi10,245 ft
Oakland San Francisco BayOAK73 mi10,520 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
61
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)

Profile recalculated August 29, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

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