Limestone County, AL

County Profile

111,233 residents. Safety, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Limestone County, AL.

Several figures AreaProfile publishes are measured by county and nowhere finer — death rates by intent among them. On this page those describe the geography they are printed on, which is not true of the city and ZIP pages that inherit them.

77out of 100
Area Score
Top 5% of 1,225 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 11% of 1,255 counties measured79
GrowthTop 17% of 1,226 counties measured68
Housing affordabilityTop 40% of 1,255 counties measured96
ClimateTop 15% of 1,254 counties measured77
Physical resilienceTop 47% of 1,255 counties measured64
AccessTop 19% of 1,255 counties measured94
Economic stabilityTop 36% of 1,255 counties measured71
The quick read

Limestone County ranks in the top 11% of published profiles for employment opportunity, with unemployment at 3.3% and median household income of $83,629.

480 housing units were authorized over the past twelve months, within 8% of the prior year — steady rather than turning.

A major airport is 17 miles away, giving the area unusually direct access to the national air network.

At a glance

Population
111,233
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$83,629
Top 14% nationally
Density
197/sq mi
563.4 sq mi of land
Median age
40.8
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Limestone County
Alabama
Metro area
Huntsville, AL
Nearest major airport
HSV
17 mi · Huntsville Intl-Carl T Jones Fld
Median home value
$281,000
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 3.3% is lower than 86% of the 1,255 measured US locations.

Employment fell 0.7% over the past year, to 57,232 employed residents.

30% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 77% of measured US locations.

Household income is higher than at least 86% of measured US locations.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$4,065$83,629Top 14%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,761$40,982Top 22%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate10.0%Bottom 24%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute28.2 minTop 33%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher30.2%Top 23%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Employment57,232Top 41%of 1,255June 2026
Employment change (3 years)6.3%Top 5%of 1,255June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-0.7%Top 50%of 1,255June 2026
Labor force59,171Top 41%of 1,255June 2026
Labor force participation60.0%Top 43%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)0.8%Top 14%of 1,255June 2026
Unemployment rate3.3%Bottom 14%of 1,255June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/063.31.5
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 3.3% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202484k71k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $83,629 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Huntsville, AL
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators7,570$46,390
Software Developers7,030$128,080
Retail Salespersons7,030$33,120
Registered Nurses6,800$77,090
Stockers and Order Fillers5,330$34,620
Fast Food and Counter Workers5,030$27,180

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

There are 17.2 students for every full-time teacher, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
23
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
17.2
across all schools here
Math proficiency
Reading proficiency
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
James Clemens High SchoolMadison City2,15918.0
Athens High SchoolAthens City1,27817.0
East Limestone High SchoolLimestone County1,21619.3
Ardmore High SchoolLimestone County96420.1
Athens Middle SchoolAthens City93519.5
West Limestone High SchoolLimestone County73618.4
Athens Intermediate SchoolAthens City64117.8
Sugar Creek Elementary SchoolLimestone County63114.7
Elkmont Elementary SchoolLimestone County59915.8
Elkmont High SchoolLimestone County59716.1
Cedar Hill Elementary SchoolLimestone County57614.0
Blue Springs Elementary SchoolLimestone County55816.4

50.7% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Alabama’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $970 takes 14% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 3.4 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
13.9%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.4×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$970
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$281,000
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Home price to income3.36Top 35%of 3,2192024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate77.6%Top 32%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±7944,354Top 19%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$72$970Top 34%of 3,2162024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$9,732$281,000Top 23%of 3,2192024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income13.9%Bottom 16%of 3,2162024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate7.7%Bottom 18%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
68/ 100
Top 17% of 1,226 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing, measured from 2020 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 14% since 2020, reaching 118,942 in 2024.

Permitting has turned downward after moving the other way the year before.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 0% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 4.3 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US locations.

Units permitted
480
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
4.3
Top 35% nationally
Year over year
+8%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
0.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
20202021202220232024119k104k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
202020212022202320242025852423
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was higher than 2020 (+7%).

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 90°F and January a low of 32°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 49.5 inches.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station DECATUR PRYOR FLD, 11.1 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND5.2"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation49.5"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low32°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high90°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing38°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

64 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, tornado and earthquake.

EarthquakeModerate
TornadoElevated
Inland floodingModerate
DroughtModerate
Heat waveModerate
LightningModerate
Strong windModerate

Low or minimal exposure: cold wave, winter weather, ice storm, hurricane, wildfire, landslide, hail.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA National Risk Index county record. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Limestone County records 3.2 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 16.6 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 8.7 per 100,000 residents in Limestone County.

Homicide
3.2
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
16.6
per 100,000 residents
Drug overdose
8.7
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
20.1
per 100,000 residents

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Limestone County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Limestone County rather than Limestone County itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offences reported to police are published by department rather than by town, and only where a department reported every month of the year. No municipal department reports for this place — many smaller communities are policed by the county — so there is no figure to show. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Taxes and full cost of living
No public source publishes either with national coverage and a method open enough to check. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings. Nothing here is individualised tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house. School attendance zones, insurance pricing and the character of a neighbourhood all vary within the places measured here.

Access

4 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 17 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Huntsville Intl-Carl T Jones FldHSV17 mi10,001 ft
SmyrnaMQY87 mi8,038 ft
Birmingham-Shuttlesworth IntlBHM87 mi12,007 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
77
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

Cities in Limestone County, AL