Franklin County, WA

County Profile

98,902 residents. Safety, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Franklin County, WA.

Several figures AreaProfile publishes are measured by county and nowhere finer — death rates by intent among them. On this page those describe the geography they are printed on, which is not true of the city and ZIP pages that inherit them.

50out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 19% of 1,453 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 14 sources
OpportunityTop 35% of 1,463 counties measured62
Schools1,369th of 1,377 counties measured3
GrowthTop 11% of 1,453 counties measured73
Housing affordability1,075th of 1,462 counties measured67
Climate942nd of 1,463 counties measured63
Physical resilience1,331st of 1,463 counties measured22
Access1,062nd of 1,463 counties measured69
Economic stabilityTop 45% of 1,463 counties measured64
The quick read

Unemployment is 4.1% and median household income $86,714, putting employment conditions in the middle range of counties measured.

In the public schools here, 28% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 17.4 students for every teacher.

872 housing units were authorized over the past twelve months, within 11% of the prior year — steady rather than turning.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
98,902
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$86,714
Top 12% nationally
Density
80/sq mi
1,241.6 sq mi of land
Median age
30.9
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Franklin County
Washington
Nearest major airport
MWH
50 mi · Grant County Intl
Median home value
$379,300
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.1%, lower than in 50% of the 1,467 measured US counties.

Unemployment has been falling for 5 consecutive months, most recently 4.1%.

Employment fell 0.1% over the past year, to 45,615 employed residents.

Median household income of $86,714 is higher than in 88% of measured US counties.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Income of new arrivalsfiling years 2022–2023$59,14951st percentileof 1,417filing years 2022–2023
Income of those who leftfiling years 2022–2023$56,16844th percentileof 1,417filing years 2022–2023
Median household income ±$4,5942024 ACS 5-Year$86,714Top 12%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,5482024 ACS 5-Year$33,959Bottom 45%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Per-capita personal income2023$48,822Bottom 19%of 1,3892023
Poverty rate ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year13.1%Bottom 49%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±1.0 min2024 ACS 5-Year24.2 minTop 39%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year21.1%Bottom 44%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year76.5%43rd percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentJuly 202645,615Top 42%of 1,467July 2026
Employment change (3 years)July 2026+2.2%Top 26%of 1,467July 2026
Employment change (year over year)July 2026−0.1%Top 40%of 1,467July 2026
Labor forceJuly 202647,54558th percentileof 1,467July 2026
Labor force participation ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year77.2%Top 41%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Public transit to work ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year0.7%79th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026−0.7%Top 19%of 1,467July 2026
Unemployment rateJuly 20264.1%Top 50%of 1,467July 2026
Worked from home ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year8.1%46th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year

Unemployment rate

2021/072022/072023/072024/072025/072026/076.83.8
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.1% in July 2026. It has been falling for the last 5 months, over a series running from 2020-01 to 2026-07. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.

Median household income, successive ACS releases

202120222023202487k72k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $86,714 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

Largest occupations — Kennewick-Richland, WA

OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Home Health and Personal Care Aides4,800$47,810
Fast Food and Counter Workers4,120$36,410
Retail Salespersons3,580$37,600
Registered Nurses2,560$106,410
Stockers and Order Fillers2,540$38,940
Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse2,470$42,340

Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

28% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 44% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 17.4 students for every full-time teacher across 33 public schools, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
39
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
17.4
across 33 of them
Math proficiency
28.2%
Bottom 1% in Washington
Reading proficiency
44.1%
Bottom 1% in Washington
The 12 largest of 39 public schools, by enrollment.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Chiawana Senior High SchoolPasco School District3,12720.728%60%
Pasco Senior High SchoolPasco School District2,59020.416%45%
Ray Reynolds Middle SchoolPasco School District1,29420.5——
Mcloughlin Middle SchoolPasco School District1,17121.742%57%
Stevens Middle SchoolPasco School District95618.720%30%
Ellen Ochoa Middle SchoolPasco School District83119.315%26%
Three Rivers ElementaryPasco School District65716.0——
Columbia River ElementaryPasco School District61815.8——
Connell High SchoolNorth Franklin School District61519.822%72%
Maya Angelou ElementaryPasco School District57914.541%51%
Mark Twain ElementaryPasco School District57916.133%38%
Barbara McClintock STEM ElementaryPasco School District57014.633%43%

69.8% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with, not how the schools perform, so it is shown and not scored.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Washington’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

Prices for everything a household buys run about 1% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 98.9, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for the Kennewick-Richland, WA Metro Area is up 33% over five years, and up 1.9% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $2,750 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.73% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,538, some 28% above the $1,198 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,538 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $61,500 a year, about 71% of the median household income here of $86,714.

The typical renter household here spends 29% of its income on rent, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,198 a month.

A median home at $379,300 costs 3.7 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $103,543, above the historic benchmark of about 3 times income.

Cost of living
98.9

Prices here run about 1% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Published for the Kennewick-Richland, WA Metro Area as a whole. Prices are regional — people shop, commute and rent across a metropolitan area rather than within a city boundary — so this describes the cost of living around this place better than a figure drawn to its own limits would.

Rent as a share of income
29.0%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.7×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,538
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,198
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$379,300
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Franklin County’s median household income of $86,714, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living indexthe Kennewick-Richland, WA Metro Area’s figure202398.9Bottom 30%of 8872023
Home price change (1 year)the Kennewick-Richland, WA Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+1.9%22nd percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)the Kennewick-Richland, WA Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+33.2%12th percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)the Kennewick-Richland, WA Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+111.7%79th percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.22024 ACS 5-Year3.7Bottom 15%of 3,2172024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year71.0%33rd percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±3662024 ACS 5-Year31,18375th percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$1,268Bottom 23%of 1,423FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$2,071Bottom 22%of 1,423FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,538Bottom 23%of 1,423FY2026
Median gross rent ±$672024 ACS 5-Year$1,198Bottom 17%of 3,2152024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$9,1092024 ACS 5-Year$379,30089th percentileof 3,2192024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$842024 ACS 5-Year$2,75082nd percentileof 3,1722024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$4,8802024 ACS 5-Year$103,543Top 11%of 3,2182024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.03%2024 ACS 5-Year0.73%43rd percentileof 3,1262024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year29.0%Bottom 37%of 3,2162024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±1112024 ACS 5-Year11623rd percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year0.4%7th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year3.8%6th percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±3092024 ACS 5-Year1,29340th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.

Development Momentum

73/ 100
Top 11% of 1,453 published county profiles
The most recent move in permitting was downward, in a series running from 2020 to 2025. That is the direction of the recent run. The chart below compares the first year with the last, which can point the other way.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 4% since 2020, reaching 101,238 in 2024.

Permitting has turned downward after moving the other way the year before: 768 units authorized in 2025, 22% below the prior year.

Federal tax returns show that people moving in from elsewhere in the US and people moving out roughly balanced across Franklin County in the most recent year. Households that moved in reported an average income of $59,149, above the $56,168 of households that moved out.

At 8.8 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US counties.

Units permitted
872
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
8.8
Top 10% nationally
Year over year
+11%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
57.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

20202021202220232024101k97k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been rising for the last 4 years, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

People moving in and out

Net migration
−0.2%
of residents, in a year
Arrivals from another state
24%
of people moving in
Income of arrivals
$59,149
average per tax return
Income of those who left
$56,168
average per tax return

Where newcomers came from

  1. Benton County, WA 2,583 people · 49% of arrivals
  2. Yakima County, WA 216 people · 4.1% of arrivals
  3. Grant County, WA 186 people · 3.6% of arrivals
  4. Walla Walla County, WA 171 people · 3.3% of arrivals
  5. King County, WA 133 people · 2.5% of arrivals

Where people who left went

  1. Benton County, WA 2,895 people · 54% of departures
  2. Grant County, WA 162 people · 3.0% of departures
  3. Walla Walla County, WA 159 people · 3.0% of departures
  4. Yakima County, WA 146 people · 2.7% of departures
  5. Spokane County, WA 100 people · 1.9% of departures

Based on the address on federal tax returns, compared with the same filers a year earlier. It counts people who file, and sees a move only when the address on a return changes. Domestic moves only: people arriving from abroad are left out. IRS Statistics of Income, filing years 2022–2023.

Housing units permitted per year

202020212022202320242025981620
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was higher than 2020 (+24%).

Weather & climate

5 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 93°F and January a low of 28°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 7.6 inches.

Air quality measures a median index of 20, in the Good band, and no day in the year passed 100.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station PASCO TRI CITIES AP, 21.3 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND1.0"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index2024 calendar year502024 calendar year
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals7.6"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals28°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals93°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals51991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 1002024 calendar year02024 calendar year
Median air quality index2024 calendar year202024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals41°F1991-2020 Normals

Air quality

Median air quality index
20
Good on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
50
90th percentile index
Days above 100
0
unhealthy for sensitive groups

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. Air quality is measured by EPA monitors and published by county only where a monitor sits; a county without one shows nothing rather than an estimate, and a county reading is still the county’s. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

22 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, heat wave and cold wave, with inland flooding alone responsible for 74% of it.

Heat waveHigh
WildfireModerate
Inland floodingHigh
EarthquakeElevated
Cold waveModerate
LandslideModerate
AvalancheModerate

Low or minimal exposure: ice storm, volcanic activity, lightning, winter weather, hail, strong wind, drought, tornado, tsunami, hurricane, coastal flooding.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). These are FEMA’s own figures for this county rather than a value derived from surrounding geographies. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offenses — they say nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Franklin County has a modeled homicide rate of about 4.9 per 100,000 residents a year, because the CDC suppresses counts this small, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at about 11.5 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, since the figure counts suicides and accidents as well as homicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 24.2 per 100,000 residents in Franklin County.

Homicide
4.9
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Firearm deaths, all intents
11.5
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Drug overdose
24.2
per 100,000 residents
Suicide
13.5
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides, so the firearm figure and the homicide figure above it count some of the same deaths twice over. They overlap and should not be added together.

Death rates are crude rates — deaths divided by population, not adjusted for age — except where a count was too small for the CDC to publish and it modeled the rate, which the card marks. They come from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC by county and not below it. So they describe Franklin County as a whole. They are shown and not scored. How to read death rates.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. City profiles inside this area carry their own figure where their department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Grant County Intl at 50 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year92.8%Top 10%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle50 miBottom 30%of 1,463NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle2Bottom 15%of 1,463NASR current cycle
No internet access ±1.0%2024 ACS 5-Year4.5%Top 8%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Grant County IntlMWH50 mi13,503 ft
Spokane IntlGEG99 mi8,199 ft
Seattle-Tacoma IntlSEA173 mi11,901 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
Demographics, IncomeInternal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
U.S. Population Migration Data (county to county)
filing years 2022–2023
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
Housing, IncomeU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
SafetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
March 2025 to February 2026; May 2025 to April 2026
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar year
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.

Cities in Franklin County, WA