Cumberland County, TN

County Profile

63,553 residents. Safety, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Cumberland County, TN.

Several figures AreaProfile publishes are measured by county and nowhere finer — death rates by intent among them. On this page those describe the geography they are printed on, which is not true of the city and ZIP pages that inherit them.

63out of 100
Area Score
Top 36% of 1,453 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 13 sources
Opportunity932nd of 1,463 counties measured48
SchoolsTop 30% of 1,377 counties measured66
GrowthTop 42% of 1,453 counties measured55
Housing affordabilityTop 27% of 1,462 counties measured79
ClimateTop 22% of 1,463 counties measured75
Physical resilienceTop 35% of 1,463 counties measured70
Access1,098th of 1,463 counties measured67
Economic stability1,098th of 1,463 counties measured41
The quick read

Unemployment is 4.2% and median household income $60,375, putting employment conditions in the middle range of counties measured.

Rent takes 24% of renter income here, below the 30% threshold conventionally called cost-burdened, and the median home is 3.8 times what its owners earn.

A typical July reaches 83°F and a typical January falls to 26°F, on thirty-year normals.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
63,553
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$60,375
Bottom 36% nationally
Density
93/sq mi
681.3 sq mi of land
Median age
53.5
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Cumberland County
Tennessee
Micro area
Nearest major airport
TYS
57 mi · Mc Ghee Tyson
Median home value
$250,500
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.2% — higher than in all but 47% of the 1,467 measured US counties.

Employment fell 0.2% over the past year, to 22,584 employed residents.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Income of new arrivalsfiling years 2022–2023$74,24377th percentileof 1,417filing years 2022–2023
Income of those who leftfiling years 2022–2023$50,78225th percentileof 1,417filing years 2022–2023
Median household income ±$3,0592024 ACS 5-Year$60,375Bottom 36%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,8942024 ACS 5-Year$33,918Bottom 45%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Per-capita personal income2023$49,751Bottom 23%of 1,3892023
Poverty rate ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year14.1%Bottom 42%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±1.1 min2024 ACS 5-Year24.8 minTop 43%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year19.1%Bottom 33%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year79.3%63rd percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentJuly 202622,584Bottom 36%of 1,467July 2026
Employment change (3 years)July 2026+1.7%Top 31%of 1,467July 2026
Employment change (year over year)July 2026−0.2%Top 43%of 1,467July 2026
Labor forceJuly 202623,57036th percentileof 1,467July 2026
Labor force participation ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year67.2%Bottom 18%of 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Public transit to work ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year0.3%63rd percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026−0.5%Top 27%of 1,467July 2026
Unemployment rateJuly 20264.2%Bottom 47%of 1,467July 2026
Worked from home ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year9.3%57th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year

Unemployment rate

2021/072022/072023/072024/072025/072026/075.63.3
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.2% in July 2026. It has been falling, over a series running from 2020-01 to 2026-07. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.

Median household income, successive ACS releases

202120222023202460k53k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $60,375 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

38% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 40% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

Public schools
12
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
—
Math proficiency
38.3%
Top 40% in Tennessee
Reading proficiency
39.9%
Top 27% in Tennessee
The 12 largest public schools, by enrollment.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Stone Memorial High SchoolCumberland County992—34%48%
Cumberland County High SchoolCumberland County949—25%53%
Homestead Elementary SchoolCumberland County737—46%42%
Glenn Martin ElementaryCumberland County735—45%38%
Stone ElementaryCumberland County611—38%33%
Pleasant Hill ElementaryCumberland County588—33%33%
South Cumberland ElementaryCumberland County573—59%49%
Frank P. Brown ElementaryCumberland County569—44%33%
North Cumberland ElementaryCumberland County505—30%25%
Crab Orchard ElementaryCumberland County461—34%31%
Pine View ElementaryCumberland County178—42%42%
The Phoenix SchoolCumberland County72——10%

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Tennessee’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for the non-metropolitan parts of Tennessee is up 58% over five years, and up 3.6% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $730 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.29% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $942, some 12% above the $839 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $942 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $37,700 a year, about 62% of the median household income here of $60,375.

The typical renter household here spends 24% of its income on rent, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $839 a month.

A median home at $250,500 costs 3.8 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $66,499, above the historic benchmark of about 3 times income.

Rent as a share of income
23.6%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.8×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$942
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$839
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$250,500
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Cumberland County’s median household income of $60,375, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Home price change (1 year)the non-metropolitan parts of Tennessee’s figure2026 Q2+3.6%53rd percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)the non-metropolitan parts of Tennessee’s figure2026 Q2+58.3%93rd percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)the non-metropolitan parts of Tennessee’s figure2026 Q2+130.8%96th percentileof 1,4312026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.32024 ACS 5-Year3.8Bottom 14%of 3,2172024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year80.2%81st percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±422024 ACS 5-Year31,45575th percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$723Top 9%of 1,423FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$1,304Top 26%of 1,423FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$942Top 13%of 1,423FY2026
Median gross rent ±$392024 ACS 5-Year$839Top 43%of 3,2152024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$10,2662024 ACS 5-Year$250,50072nd percentileof 3,2192024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$282024 ACS 5-Year$73012th percentileof 3,1722024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$3,7142024 ACS 5-Year$66,499Bottom 27%of 3,2182024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.02%2024 ACS 5-Year0.29%1st percentileof 3,1262024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year23.6%Top 17%of 3,2162024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±3212024 ACS 5-Year1,18177th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year3.8%58th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year6.6%30th percentileof 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±4092024 ACS 5-Year3,26068th percentileof 3,2222024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures.

Development Momentum

55/ 100
Top 42% of 1,453 published county profiles
The most recent move in permitting was upward, in a series running from 2022 to 2025. That is the direction of the recent run. The chart below compares the first year with the last, which can point the other way.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 7% since 2020, reaching 65,618 in 2024.

Permitting has turned upward after moving the other way the year before: 128 units authorized in 2025, up 12% on the prior year.

Population is still rising but the pace is easing: 65,618 residents in 2024, up 1.2% over the year, a smaller gain than the year before.

New construction is predominantly single-family: of 125 units permitted over the past twelve months, none were in buildings of five or more homes.

Federal tax returns show Cumberland County gained about 2.0% of its residents through moves within the US in the most recent year, counting those who arrived against those who left. Households that moved in reported an average income of $74,243, above the $50,782 of households that moved out.

At 2.0 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US counties.

Units permitted
125
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.0
Bottom 36% nationally
Year over year
+29%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
0.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

2020202120222023202466k61k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been rising for the last 4 years, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

People moving in and out

Net migration
+2.0%
of residents, in a year
Arrivals from another state
61%
of people moving in
Income of arrivals
$74,243
average per tax return
Income of those who left
$50,782
average per tax return

Where newcomers came from

  1. Putnam County, TN 242 people · 6.8% of arrivals
  2. Roane County, TN 148 people · 4.2% of arrivals
  3. White County, TN 127 people · 3.6% of arrivals
  4. Knox County, TN 111 people · 3.1% of arrivals
  5. Fentress County, TN 83 people · 2.3% of arrivals

Where people who left went

  1. Putnam County, TN 207 people · 8.2% of departures
  2. White County, TN 147 people · 5.8% of departures
  3. Fentress County, TN 121 people · 4.8% of departures
  4. Roane County, TN 108 people · 4.3% of departures
  5. Knox County, TN 88 people · 3.5% of departures

Based on the address on federal tax returns, compared with the same filers a year earlier. It counts people who file, and sees a move only when the address on a return changes. Domestic moves only: people arriving from abroad are left out. IRS Statistics of Income, filing years 2022–2023.

Housing units permitted per year

2022202320242025428114
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was lower than 2022 (−70%).

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 83°F and January a low of 26°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 57.5 inches.

20°40°60°80°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station CROSSVILLE MEM AP, 4.8 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND5.5"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals57.5"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals26°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals83°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals38°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

70 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, tornado and cold wave, with inland flooding alone responsible for 33% of it. Every one of these is independently rated low or minimal nationally — this describes how a small risk is composed, not a large one.

Winter weatherModerate
EarthquakeElevated
LightningElevated
Strong windModerate
DroughtModerate

Low or minimal exposure: cold wave, tornado, landslide, wildfire, hail, ice storm, inland flooding, hurricane, heat wave, avalanche, tsunami, volcanic activity, coastal flooding.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). These are FEMA’s own figures for this county rather than a value derived from surrounding geographies. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offenses — they say nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Cumberland County has a modeled homicide rate of about 5.7 per 100,000 residents a year, because the CDC suppresses counts this small, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 15.4 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, since the figure counts suicides and accidents as well as homicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 35.5 per 100,000 residents in Cumberland County.

Homicide
5.7
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Firearm deaths, all intents
15.4
per 100,000 residents
Drug overdose
35.5
per 100,000 residents
Suicide
15.4
per 100,000 residents

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides, so the firearm figure and the homicide figure above it count some of the same deaths twice over. They overlap and should not be added together.

Death rates are crude rates — deaths divided by population, not adjusted for age — except where a count was too small for the CDC to publish and it modeled the rate, which the card marks. They come from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC by county and not below it. So they describe Cumberland County as a whole. They are shown and not scored. How to read death rates.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. City profiles inside this area carry their own figure where their department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Cost of living
Price parities are published for metropolitan areas, and this place lies outside one.
Air quality
The EPA publishes an air-quality index only where a monitor sits. There is none in this county, and a modeled value would be a different kind of number from the measured ones everywhere else on this page.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. Cost of living is published where the Bureau of Economic Analysis measures it, though not for this place. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

3 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Mc Ghee Tyson at 57 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year86.7%Bottom 48%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle57 miBottom 24%of 1,463NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle3Bottom 35%of 1,463NASR current cycle
No internet access ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year9.6%Top 45%of 3,2212024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Mc Ghee TysonTYS57 mi10,000 ft
SmyrnaMQY85 mi8,038 ft
Nashville IntlBNA95 mi11,030 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
63
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—

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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
Demographics, IncomeInternal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
U.S. Population Migration Data (county to county)
filing years 2022–2023
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
IncomeU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
SafetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
March 2025 to February 2026; May 2025 to April 2026
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.

Cities in Cumberland County, TN

ZIP areas

Only ZIP areas whose income or home value differ from their city’s by at least ten percent get a profile of their own, so this is a selection rather than every ZIP code in the county.