Aberdeen, South Dakota

Area Profile

28,189 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Aberdeen, in Brown County.

58out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 41% of 2,944 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 49% of 3,904 published cities56
Schools1344th of 2,668 published cities51
Growth2444th of 2,973 published cities31
Housing affordabilityTop 18% of 4,223 published cities96
Climate4186th of 4,223 published cities50
Physical resilienceTop 24% of 4,182 published cities80
Access4203rd of 4,226 published cities0
Economic stability2428th of 4,226 published cities56
The quick read

Residential permitting has slowed: 57 units authorized over the past twelve months, 58% below the prior year.

Housing is more affordable relative to local incomes than in most published city profiles: rent takes 14% of median household income and the median home is 3.4 times it.

Natural-hazard exposure is lower than in most comparable published city profiles, placing Aberdeen in the top 24% for physical resilience.

At a glance

Population
28,189
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$64,405
Bottom 46% nationally
Density
1,701/sq mi
16.6 sq mi of land
Median age
36.4
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Brown County
South Dakota
Metro area
Aberdeen, SD
Nearest major airport
FAR
128 mi · Hector Intl
Median home value
$217,300
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 1.8% is lower than 100% of the 3,904 measured US cities.

Employment fell 1.9% over the past year, to 14,654 employed residents.

35% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 76% of measured US cities.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$4,807$64,405Bottom 46%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$2,377$38,258Top 37%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate13.8%Top 40%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute13.0 minBottom 4%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher35.0%Top 24%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment14,654Bottom 14%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-2.9%Bottom 11%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-1.9%Bottom 21%June 2026
Labor force14,928Bottom 13%June 2026
Labor force participation68.3%Top 23%2024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)-0.1%Bottom 44%June 2026
Unemployment rate1.8%Bottom 1%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/063.01.4
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 1.8% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202464k58k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $64,405 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

47% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 52% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 13.7 students for every full-time teacher, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
11
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
13.7
across all schools here
Math proficiency
47.4%
Bottom 45% in South Dakota
Reading proficiency
51.6%
Bottom 45% in South Dakota
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Central High School - 01Aberdeen School District 06-11,38417.3
Holgate Middle School - 02Aberdeen School District 06-149714.647%42%
Simmons Middle School - 03Aberdeen School District 06-146415.042%47%
Simmons Elementary - 10Aberdeen School District 06-138612.933%48%
C C Lee Elementary - 05Aberdeen School District 06-135614.875%76%
May Overby Elementary - 09Aberdeen School District 06-132711.750%49%
O M Tiffany Elementary - 11Aberdeen School District 06-130413.244%51%
Mike Miller Elementary - 07Aberdeen School District 06-128214.153%62%
Lincoln Elementary - 08Aberdeen School District 06-12338.334%45%
SDSBVI Elementary - 01SD SCH FOR THE BLIND & VISUALLY IMPAIRED101.3
SDSBVI High School - 02SD SCH FOR THE BLIND & VISUALLY IMPAIRED92.3

40.0% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against South Dakota’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $762 takes 14% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 3.4 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
14.2%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.4×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$762
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$217,300
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income3.37Top 39%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate61.7%Bottom 23%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±24213,664Top 4%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$38$762Bottom 23%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$13,383$217,300Top 43%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income14.2%Bottom 20%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate8.7%Bottom 45%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
31/ 100
Ranks 2444 of 2,973 published city profiles
Permitting is increasing — 2 consecutive years, measured from 2020 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has fallen 2% since 2020, reaching 27,919 in 2024.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 0% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 2.0 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
57
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.0
Bottom 47% nationally
Year over year
−58%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
0.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
2020202120222023202428k28k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
20202021202220232024202523744
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was higher than 2020 (+225%).

Weather & climate

5 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 85°F and January a low of 2°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 21.8 inches, including 42.7 inches of snow.

Air quality measures a median index of 24, in the Good band, and about 4 days a year pass 100, the threshold at which the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.

-10°10°30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station ABERDEEN, 2.7 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND3.8"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index54.02024 calendar year
Annual precipitation21.8"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall42.7"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low2°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high85°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months51991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 10042024 calendar year
Median air quality index24.02024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing60°F1991-2020 Normals
Air quality
Median air quality index
24
Good on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
54
90th percentile index
Days above 100
4
unhealthy for sensitive groups

A comfortable median and a bad tail are different problems. Wildfire smoke and summer ozone show up in the worst tenth of days, not in the middle of the year.

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today. Air quality is measured rather than modelled, by EPA monitors, and published by county only where a monitor sits — roughly half the counties AreaProfile publishes have one, and the rest show nothing rather than an estimate. Air masses are regional, so a county reading describes the air over a place reasonably well, but it is still the county reading.

Physical risk

80 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are cold wave, tornado and strong wind.

Winter weatherModerate
Cold waveModerate
HailModerate
Strong windElevated
Ice stormModerate
WildfireModerate
TornadoElevated
Heat waveModerate
LightningModerate

Low or minimal exposure: inland flooding, landslide, drought, earthquake.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Brown County records 3.0 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 13.8 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 7.4 per 100,000 residents in Brown County.

Homicide
3.0
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
13.8
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
7.4
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
20.4
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Brown County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Aberdeen rather than Aberdeen itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

No airport meeting the AreaProfile major-airport definition lies within 100 miles; the nearest is 128 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Hector IntlFAR128 mi9,001 ft
Joe Foss FldFSD155 mi9,000 ft
Sioux Gateway/Brig General Bud Day FldSUX236 mi9,002 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
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Aberdeen vs HaysAberdeen vs WillistonAberdeen vs MinotAberdeen vs Staunton

Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar yearAnnually, once a calendar year is complete

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

ZIP codes in Aberdeen

1 published ZIP profiles
ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeArea Score
5740131,939$68,83558