Polk County, OR
County Profile
89,662 residents. Safety, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Polk County, OR.
Several figures AreaProfile publishes are measured by county and nowhere finer — death rates by intent among them. On this page those describe the geography they are printed on, which is not true of the city and ZIP pages that inherit them.
Unemployment is 5.2% and median household income $85,118, putting employment conditions in the middle range of published profiles.
Residential permitting has slowed: 111 units authorized over the past twelve months, 16% below the prior year.
Buying strains local incomes far more than renting does — the median home is 5.3 times median household income, against a historic benchmark near three — while rent takes 18% of it.
At a glance
Jobs & opportunity
Unemployment of 5.2% is lower than 17% of the 1,255 measured US locations.
Employment grew 1.4% over the past year, to 44,583 employed residents.
31% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 79% of measured US locations.
Household income is higher than at least 87% of measured US locations.
| Metric | Value | Compared with peers | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income ±$3,655 | $85,118 | Top 13% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Per capita income ±$1,811 | $40,635 | Top 24% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Poverty rate | 12.7% | Bottom 45% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Average commute | 27.4 min | Top 38% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 31.2% | Top 21% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Employment | 44,583 | Top 48% | June 2026 |
| Employment change (3 years) | 4.2% | Top 12% | June 2026 |
| Employment change (year over year) | 1.4% | Top 10% | June 2026 |
| Labor force | 47,050 | Top 48% | June 2026 |
| Labor force participation | 59.8% | Top 44% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Unemployment change (year over year) | 0.1% | Top 44% | June 2026 |
| Unemployment rate | 5.2% | Top 17% | June 2026 |
| Occupation | People employed | Median annual wage |
|---|---|---|
| Home Health and Personal Care Aides | 7,040 | $45,200 |
| Fast Food and Counter Workers | 5,880 | $34,520 |
| Retail Salespersons | 4,550 | $35,760 |
| Registered Nurses | 4,010 | $131,750 |
| Stockers and Order Fillers | 3,950 | $41,520 |
| Management Analysts | 3,740 | $99,090 |
Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Schools
How it’s calculated →There are 20.5 students for every full-time teacher, more than in most measured places.
| School | District | Students | Per teacher | Math | Reading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Salem High School | Salem-Keizer SD 24J | 1,606 | 25.1 | — | — |
| Central High School | Central SD 13J | 1,008 | 21.9 | — | — |
| Dallas High School | Dallas SD 2 | 948 | 24.9 | — | — |
| Talmadge Middle School | Central SD 13J | 716 | 18.8 | — | — |
| Walker Middle School | Salem-Keizer SD 24J | 571 | 21.1 | — | — |
| LaCreole Middle School | Dallas SD 2 | 569 | 19.0 | — | — |
| Straub Middle School | Salem-Keizer SD 24J | 568 | 22.7 | — | — |
| Harritt Elementary School | Salem-Keizer SD 24J | 498 | 18.4 | — | — |
| Kalapuya Elementary School | Salem-Keizer SD 24J | 483 | 22.0 | — | — |
| Monmouth Elementary School | Central SD 13J | 468 | 19.5 | — | — |
| Ash Creek Elementary School | Central SD 13J | 433 | 21.6 | — | — |
| Independence Elementary School | Central SD 13J | 425 | 22.4 | — | — |
83.8% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.
Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Oregon’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.
Housing & affordability
How it’s calculated →Median rent of $1,299 takes 18% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.
A median home costs 5.3 times median household income here, well above the historic benchmark, at a level conventionally described as seriously unaffordable.
| Metric | Value | Compared with peers | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Home price to income | 5.34 | Top 7% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Homeownership rate | 64.7% | Bottom 14% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Housing units ±72 | 34,867 | Top 23% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median gross rent ±$56 | $1,299 | Top 13% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median home value ±$10,323 | $454,700 | Top 6% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Rent as a share of income | 18.3% | Top 35% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Vacancy rate | 5.4% | Bottom 7% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.
Growth & development
How it’s calculated →An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.
Population has grown 3% since 2020, reaching 90,549 in 2024.
Permit activity has fallen for 3 consecutive years.
New construction is predominantly single-family: only 0% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.
At 1.2 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US locations.
Weather & climate
5 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 84°F and January a low of 36°F.
Normal annual precipitation is 40.1 inches.
| Metric | Value | Source period |
|---|---|---|
| Annual precipitation | 40.1" | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Average January low | 36°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Average July high | 84°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Comfortable months | 5 | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Seasonal temperature swing | 28°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.
Physical risk
The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are earthquake, inland flooding and heat wave.
Low or minimal exposure: volcanic activity, landslide, ice storm, wildfire, winter weather, lightning, cold wave, avalanche, tornado, drought, strong wind, hail.
Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA National Risk Index county record. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.
Safety
How it’s measured →These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.
Polk County records 3.1 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.
Firearm deaths of all intents run at 17.8 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.
Drug overdose deaths run at 12.4 per 100,000 residents in Polk County.
Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.
Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Polk County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Polk County rather than Polk County itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.
What this profile does not cover
Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.
- Reported crime
- The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
- Taxes
- No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
- Full cost of living
- No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.
Access
2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 54 miles away.
| Airport | Code | Distance | Longest runway |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mahlon Sweet Fld | EUG | 54 mi | 8,009 ft |
| Portland Intl | PDX | 62 mi | 11,000 ft |
| Rogue Valley Intl/Medford | MFR | 176 mi | 8,800 ft |
Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.
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Data & methodology
| Used for | Source | Source period | Updated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access | Federal Aviation Administration Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service | NASR current cycle | 28-day NASR cycle |
| Physical risk | Federal Emergency Management Agency National Risk Index | National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0) | Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current) |
| Climate | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly) | 1991-2020 Normals | Every ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period) |
| Jobs | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Local Area Unemployment Statistics | June 2026 | Monthly |
| Demographics | U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program | July 1, 2024 estimate | Annual (vintage released each spring) |
| Development | U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey | 12 months ending July 2026 | Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month |
| Demographics, Housing, Income, Jobs | U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File) | 2024 ACS 5-Year | Annual (5-year estimates released each December) |
| safety | U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics Provisional county-level mortality by intent | April, 2025 to March, 2026 | Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years |
| schools | U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments | 2024-25 school year | Directory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them |
Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.