Ithaca, New York
Area Profile
32,814 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Ithaca, in Tompkins County.
Employment conditions sit below most comparable published city profiles: unemployment is 4.7% and the Opportunity signal places Ithaca in the bottom 16%.
Residential permitting has slowed: 163 units authorized over the past twelve months, 22% below the prior year.
Housing costs more relative to local incomes than in most published city profiles: rent takes 36% of median household income and the median home is 7.0 times it.
At a glance
Jobs & opportunity
Unemployment of 4.7% is lower than 36% of the 3,904 measured US cities.
Employment fell 1.6% over the past year, to 13,963 employed residents.
68% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 96% of measured US cities.
Median household income of $48,784 is below 79% of measured US cities.
| Metric | Value | Compared nationally | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income ±$3,693 | $48,784 | Bottom 21%of 29,573 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Per capita income ±$2,231 | $31,599 | Bottom 42%of 31,420 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Poverty rate | 30.4% | Top 10%of 31,900 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Average commute | 19.9 min | Bottom 17%of 31,543 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 67.7% | Top 4%of 31,919 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Employment | 13,963 | Bottom 12%of 3,904 | June 2026 |
| Employment change (3 years) | -1.8% | Bottom 22%of 3,903 | June 2026 |
| Employment change (year over year) | -1.6% | Bottom 32%of 3,904 | June 2026 |
| Labor force | 14,655 | Bottom 12%of 3,904 | June 2026 |
| Labor force participation | 52.4% | Bottom 27%of 31,933 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Mean annual wage | $76,980 | Top 26%of 3,658 | 2025 OEWS |
| Median annual wage | $58,130 | Top 26%of 3,658 | 2025 OEWS |
| Unemployment change (year over year) | 0.7% | Top 19%of 3,904 | June 2026 |
| Unemployment rate | 4.7% | Top 36%of 3,904 | June 2026 |
| Occupation | People employed | Median annual wage |
|---|---|---|
| Retail Salespersons | 1,170 | $35,510 |
| Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary | 1,140 | $159,720 |
| Registered Nurses | 940 | $100,320 |
| Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive | 900 | $47,990 |
| Fast Food and Counter Workers | 870 | $34,800 |
| Office Clerks, General | 860 | $37,380 |
Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Housing & affordability
How it’s calculated →Median rent of $1,447 takes 36% of median household income, above the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.
A median home costs 7.0 times median household income here, well above the historic benchmark, at a level conventionally described as seriously unaffordable.
| Metric | Value | Compared nationally | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Home price to income | 7.02 | Top 5%of 28,473 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Homeownership rate | 29.6% | Bottom 2%of 31,843 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Housing units ±531 | 16,183 | Top 4%of 32,330 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median gross rent ±$69 | $1,447 | Top 22%of 23,432 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median home value ±$15,002 | $342,700 | Top 23%of 29,342 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Rent as a share of income | 35.6% | Top 3%of 23,201 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Vacancy rate | 12.5% | Top 41%of 32,001 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.
Growth & development
How it’s calculated →An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.
Population has grown 12% since 2020, reaching 33,768 in 2024.
Permitting has turned upward after moving the other way the year before.
72% of recently permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes, so new supply is concentrated in apartments and condominiums rather than detached houses.
At 5.0 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US cities.
Weather & climate
4 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 79°F and January a low of 13°F.
Normal annual precipitation is 41.7 inches.
Air quality measures a median index of 35, in the Good band, and no day in the year passed 100.
| Metric | Value | Source period |
|---|---|---|
| 90th percentile air quality index | 47.0 | 2024 calendar year |
| Annual precipitation | 41.7" | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Average January low | 13°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Average July high | 79°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Comfortable months | 4 | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Days above AQI 100 | 0 | 2024 calendar year |
| Median air quality index | 35.0 | 2024 calendar year |
| Seasonal temperature swing | 46°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
A comfortable median and a bad tail are different problems. Wildfire smoke and summer ozone show up in the worst tenth of days, not in the middle of the year.
Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today. Air quality is measured rather than modelled, by EPA monitors, and published by county only where a monitor sits — roughly half the counties AreaProfile publishes have one, and the rest show nothing rather than an estimate. Air masses are regional, so a county reading describes the air over a place reasonably well, but it is still the county reading.
Physical risk
The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, heat wave and hurricane.
Low or minimal exposure: lightning, ice storm, tornado, landslide, hail, strong wind, earthquake, avalanche, cold wave, winter weather, wildfire.
Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.
Safety
How it’s measured →These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.
Tompkins County records 1.8 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, lower than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.
Firearm deaths of all intents run at 6.6 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.
Drug overdose deaths run at 9.6 per 100,000 residents in Tompkins County.
Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.
Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Tompkins County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Ithaca rather than Ithaca itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.
What this profile does not cover
Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.
- Reported crime
- Offences reported to police are published by department rather than by town, and only where a department reported every month of the year. No municipal department reports for this place — many smaller communities are policed by the county — so there is no figure to show. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
- Taxes and full cost of living
- No public source publishes either with national coverage and a method open enough to check. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings. Nothing here is individualised tax advice.
- Anything about a specific address
- Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house. School attendance zones, insurance pricing and the character of a neighbourhood all vary within the places measured here.
Access
4 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 28 miles away.
| Airport | Code | Distance | Longest runway |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elmira/Corning Rgnl | ELM | 28 mi | 8,001 ft |
| Syracuse Hancock Intl | SYR | 50 mi | 9,013 ft |
| Frederick Douglass/Greater Rochester Intl | ROC | 75 mi | 8,001 ft |
Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.
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Data & methodology
| Used for | Source | Source period | Updated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access | Federal Aviation Administration Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service | NASR current cycle | 28-day NASR cycle |
| Physical risk | Federal Emergency Management Agency National Risk Index | National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0) | Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current) |
| Climate | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly) | 1991-2020 Normals | Every ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period) |
| Jobs | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Local Area Unemployment Statistics | June 2026 | Monthly |
| Jobs | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics | 2025 OEWS | Annual (spring release) |
| Demographics | U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program | July 1, 2024 estimate | Annual (vintage released each spring) |
| Development | U.S. Census Bureau Building Permits Survey | 12 months ending July 2026 | Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month |
| Demographics, Housing, Income, Jobs | U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File) | 2024 ACS 5-Year | Annual (5-year estimates released each December) |
| safety | U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics Provisional county-level mortality by intent | April, 2025 to March, 2026 | Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years |
| Climate | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System Daily Air Quality Index by county | 2024 calendar year | Annually, once a calendar year is complete |
Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.
ZIP codes in Ithaca
1 published ZIP profiles| ZIP | Population | Median household income | Area Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14853 | 2,405 | — | — |