Troy, Illinois

Area Profile

11,647 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Troy, in Madison County.

73out of 100
Area Score
Top 11% of 2,944 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 33% of 3,904 published cities64
SchoolsTop 28% of 2,668 published cities69
GrowthTop 11% of 2,973 published cities75
Housing affordabilityTop 8% of 4,223 published cities100
ClimateTop 46% of 4,223 published cities71
Physical resilienceTop 49% of 4,182 published cities60
AccessTop 33% of 4,226 published cities96
Economic stabilityTop 9% of 4,226 published cities79
The quick read

Development activity is both elevated and accelerating — 161 housing units permitted over the past twelve months, up 79% on the prior year.

Housing is more affordable relative to local incomes than in most published city profiles: rent takes 12% of median household income and the median home is 2.4 times it.

A major airport is 14 miles away, giving the area unusually direct access to the national air network.

At a glance

Population
11,647
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$112,434
Top 13% nationally
Density
1,868/sq mi
6.2 sq mi of land
Median age
35.2
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Madison County
Illinois
Metro area
St. Louis, MO-IL
Nearest major airport
ALN
14 mi · St Louis Rgnl
Median home value
$268,000
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.1% is lower than 59% of the 3,904 measured US cities.

Employment fell 0.5% over the past year, to 128,036 employed residents.

45% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 85% of measured US cities.

Household income is higher than at least 87% of measured US cities.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$14,956$112,434Top 13%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$3,599$47,472Top 20%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate2.0%Bottom 12%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute27.4 minTop 46%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher45.2%Top 15%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment128,036Top 36%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-0.9%Bottom 34%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-0.5%Top 43%June 2026
Labor force133,514Top 36%June 2026
Labor force participation71.7%Top 14%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$66,330Bottom 37%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$49,990Bottom 40%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)0.2%Top 44%June 2026
Unemployment rate4.1%Bottom 41%June 2026
Median household income, successive ACS releases
2021202220232024112k81k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $112,434 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — St. Louis, MO-IL
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
General and Operations Managers46,410$93,140
Home Health and Personal Care Aides44,200$34,490
Registered Nurses35,200$83,180
Cashiers31,130$32,380
Retail Salespersons29,750$33,820
Stockers and Order Fillers28,940$37,840

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes city-level labor data only for places of 25,000 or more. This is the figure for Madison County, IL, which contains this city.

38% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 35% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 15.8 students for every full-time teacher, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
4
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
15.8
across all schools here
Math proficiency
37.7%
Top 22% in Illinois
Reading proficiency
35.2%
Top 30% in Illinois
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Triad High SchoolTriad CUSD 21,21816.2
Silver Creek ElementaryTriad CUSD 275716.533%32%
C A Henning SchoolTriad CUSD 270614.442%39%
Center for Educ OppMadison ROE0

17.2% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Illinois’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $1,116 takes 12% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 2.4 times median household income here, close to the historic benchmark for an affordable market.

Rent as a share of income
11.9%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
2.4×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$1,116
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$268,000
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income2.38Bottom 35%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate73.6%Bottom 45%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±2794,806Top 12%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$116$1,116Top 38%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$14,000$268,000Top 33%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income11.9%Bottom 9%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate8.7%Bottom 45%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
75/ 100
Top 11% of 2,973 published city profiles
Permitting is increasing, measured from 2020 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 3% since 2020, reaching 11,810 in 2024.

Permitting has turned upward after moving the other way the year before.

At 13.8 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
161
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
13.8
Top 7% nationally
Year over year
+79%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
37.3%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
2020202120222023202412k11k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
20202021202220232024202517353
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was higher than 2020 (+158%).

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 90°F and January a low of 24°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 43.4 inches, including 11.2 inches of snow.

10°30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station BELLEVILLE SIU RSCH, 14.5 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND5.0"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation43.4"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall11.2"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low24°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high90°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing45°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

60 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, earthquake and tornado.

TornadoModerate
HailElevated
EarthquakeElevated
LightningModerate
Inland floodingModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, cold wave, winter weather, landslide, ice storm, drought, strong wind, hurricane, wildfire.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. Reported crime is also easy to misread: agency participation varies year to year, and a city that draws a large daytime workforce carries incidents its residents did not generate.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

4 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 14 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
St Louis RgnlALN14 mi8,099 ft
St Louis Lambert IntlSTL26 mi11,020 ft
Abraham Lincoln CapitalSPI78 mi8,001 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
73
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Other cities in St. Louis, MO-IL

Same metropolitan area, measured the same way
CityCountyPopulationArea ScoreCompare
St. LouisSt. Louis city288,51257vs Troy
O'FallonSt. Charles County93,80177vs Troy
St. CharlesSt. Charles County71,50872vs Troy
St. PetersSt. Charles County59,09274vs Troy
FlorissantSt. Louis County51,77360vs Troy
ChesterfieldSt. Louis County49,574vs Troy
WentzvilleSt. Charles County47,06173vs Troy
BellevilleSt. Clair County41,37055vs Troy
OakvilleSt. Louis County35,333vs Troy
WildwoodSt. Louis County35,133vs Troy
University CitySt. Louis County34,68567vs Troy
O'FallonSt. Clair County32,26267vs Troy

Every city here is measured on the same scale from the same source releases, so the comparison is like for like. A higher Area Score reflects AreaProfile’s standardized weighting rather than a judgment about which is the better place to live.

Compare

Put Troy side by side with a similar place.

Troy vs CiboloTroy vs JenksTroy vs League CityTroy vs Crestwood

Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

ZIP codes in Troy

1 published ZIP profiles
ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeArea Score
6229415,325$120,46674