Imperial Beach, California

Area Profile

25,764 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Imperial Beach, in San Diego County.

44out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 5% of 2,944 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Opportunity2716th of 3,904 cities measured47
Growth2033rd of 2,973 cities measured40
Housing affordability4157th of 4,223 cities measured32
ClimateTop 4% of 4,223 cities measured100
Physical resilience4030th of 4,182 cities measured9
Access4135th of 4,226 cities measured43
Economic stability2517th of 4,226 cities measured55
The quick read

Residential permitting has slowed: 61 units authorized over the past twelve months, 31% below the prior year.

Buying strains local incomes far more than renting does — the median home is 10.0 times median household income, against a historic benchmark near three — while rent takes 28% of it.

Physical-risk exposure is above the national median, driven mainly by inland flooding, wildfire and earthquake.

At a glance

Population
25,764
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$86,111
Top 28% nationally
Density
6,006/sq mi
4.3 sq mi of land
Median age
35.1
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
San Diego County
California
Metro area
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA
Nearest major airport
TRM
92 mi · Jacqueline Cochran Rgnl
Median home value
$857,000
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.9% is lower than 28% of the 3,904 measured US cities.

Employment fell 1.1% over the past year, to 12,351 employed residents.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$9,539$86,111Top 28%of 29,5732024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$3,634$42,196Top 28%of 31,4202024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate14.8%Top 36%of 31,9002024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute29.2 minTop 37%of 31,5432024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher26.7%Top 36%of 31,9192024 ACS 5-Year
Employment12,351Bottom 7%of 3,904June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-0.6%Bottom 40%of 3,903June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-1.1%Bottom 42%of 3,904June 2026
Labor force12,981Bottom 7%of 3,904June 2026
Labor force participation69.0%Top 21%of 31,9332024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$79,060Top 19%of 3,6582025 OEWS
Median annual wage$58,690Top 26%of 3,6582025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)-0.5%Bottom 17%of 3,904June 2026
Unemployment rate4.9%Top 28%of 3,904June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/069.03.3
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.9% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202486k69k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $86,111 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Home Health and Personal Care Aides57,080$35,300
Fast Food and Counter Workers42,550$42,190
Retail Salespersons34,390$37,810
Cashiers30,420$37,020
Registered Nurses28,680$139,520
Office Clerks, General28,470$49,920

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

There are 23.9 students for every full-time teacher, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
6
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
23.9
across all schools here
Math proficiency
Reading proficiency
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Mar Vista Senior HighSweetwater Union High1,21622.5
Imperial Beach Charter · charterSouth Bay Union72425.0
Oneonta ElementarySouth Bay Union43422.8
Bayside STEAM AcademySouth Bay Union36225.9
Central ElementarySouth Bay Union35026.9
VIP Village PreschoolSouth Bay Union0

71.5% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against California’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $2,011 takes 28% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 10.0 times median household income here, well above the historic benchmark, at a level conventionally described as seriously unaffordable.

Rent as a share of income
28.0%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
10.0×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$2,011
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$857,000
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Home price to income9.95Top 1%of 28,4732024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate31.3%Bottom 3%of 31,8432024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±35010,299Top 6%of 32,3302024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$85$2,011Top 9%of 23,4322024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$21,864$857,000Top 4%of 29,3422024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income28.0%Top 10%of 23,2012024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate9.3%Bottom 48%of 32,0012024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
40/ 100
Ranks 2033 of 2,973 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing, measured from 2020 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has fallen 2% since 2020, reaching 25,568 in 2024.

Permitting has turned downward after moving the other way the year before.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 13% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 2.4 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
61
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.4
Top 49% nationally
Year over year
−31%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
13.1%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
2020202120222023202426k26k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
2020202120222023202420257818
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was higher than 2020 (+133%).

Weather & climate

12 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 73°F and January a low of 47°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 8.6 inches.

Air quality measures a median index of 71, in the Moderate band, and about 52 days a year pass 100, the threshold at which the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.

40°60°80°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station IMPERIAL BEACH REAM FLD NAS, 0.2 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND2.1"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index105.02024 calendar year
Annual precipitation8.6"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low47°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high73°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months121991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 100522024 calendar year
Median air quality index71.02024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing14°F1991-2020 Normals
Air quality
Median air quality index
71
Moderate on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
105
90th percentile index
Days above 100
52
unhealthy for sensitive groups

A comfortable median and a bad tail are different problems. Wildfire smoke and summer ozone show up in the worst tenth of days, not in the middle of the year.

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today. Air quality is measured rather than modelled, by EPA monitors, and published by county only where a monitor sits — roughly half the counties AreaProfile publishes have one, and the rest show nothing rather than an estimate. Air masses are regional, so a county reading describes the air over a place reasonably well, but it is still the county reading.

Physical risk

9 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, wildfire and earthquake.

WildfireHigh
Inland floodingModerate
EarthquakeHigh
Heat waveModerate
AvalancheModerate

Low or minimal exposure: landslide, lightning, hail, coastal flooding, tornado, drought, tsunami, strong wind, winter weather, volcanic activity, hurricane, cold wave.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

San Diego County records 2.1 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, lower than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 5.8 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 18.5 per 100,000 residents in San Diego County.

Homicide
2.1
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
5.8
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
18.5
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
10.2
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for San Diego County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Imperial Beach rather than Imperial Beach itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 92 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Jacqueline Cochran RgnlTRM92 mi8,500 ft
Palm Springs IntlPSP94 mi10,000 ft
Long Beach (Daugherty Fld)LGB105 mi10,000 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
44
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Other cities in San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA

Same metropolitan area, measured the same way
CityCountyPopulationArea ScoreCompare
San DiegoSan Diego County1,389,52653vs Imperial Beach
Chula VistaSan Diego County276,37553vs Imperial Beach
OceansideSan Diego County172,24247vs Imperial Beach
EscondidoSan Diego County149,66847vs Imperial Beach
CarlsbadSan Diego County114,37352vs Imperial Beach
El CajonSan Diego County104,44943vs Imperial Beach
VistaSan Diego County99,11448vs Imperial Beach
San MarcosSan Diego County94,88254vs Imperial Beach
EncinitasSan Diego County61,48057vs Imperial Beach
La MesaSan Diego County60,79750vs Imperial Beach
SanteeSan Diego County59,33250vs Imperial Beach
National CitySan Diego County58,89337vs Imperial Beach

Every city here is measured on the same scale from the same source releases, so the comparison is like for like. A higher Area Score reflects AreaProfile’s standardized weighting rather than a judgment about which is the better place to live.

Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar yearAnnually, once a calendar year is complete

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

ZIP codes in Imperial Beach

1 published ZIP profiles
ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeArea Score
9193225,741$85,83344