Ellensburg, Washington

Area Profile

20,874 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Ellensburg, in Kittitas County.

42out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 5% of 4,196 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 14 sources
Opportunity3,202nd of 4,199 cities measured44
Schools3,144th of 4,162 cities measured30
Growth3,075th of 4,224 cities measured39
Housing affordability3,334th of 4,218 cities measured50
Climate2,655th of 4,225 cities measured66
Physical resilience3,676th of 4,226 cities measured20
Access3,875th of 4,226 cities measured65
Economic stability2,786th of 4,226 cities measured49
The quick read

Employment conditions sit below most comparable cities measured: unemployment is 4.0% and the Opportunity signal places Ellensburg in the bottom 24%. The unemployment rate is published for Kittitas County, WA, which contains Ellensburg, rather than for Ellensburg alone.

In the public schools here, 46% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 17.8 students for every teacher.

Residential permitting has slowed: 79 units authorized over the past twelve months, 16% below the prior year.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
20,874
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$55,438
Bottom 32% nationally
Density
2,406/sq mi
8.7 sq mi of land
Median age
25.0
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Washington
Micro area
Nearest major airport
MWH
60 mi · Grant County Intl
Median home value
$404,100
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment across Kittitas County, WA, which contains Ellensburg, is 4.0%, lower than in 61% of the 4,226 measured US cities.

Employment across Kittitas County, WA, which contains Ellensburg, fell 2.6% over the past year, to 21,015 employed residents.

41% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 82% of measured US cities.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Income of new arrivalsKittitas County, WA’s figurefiling years 2022–2023$99,61180th percentileof 4,101filing years 2022–2023
Income of those who leftKittitas County, WA’s figurefiling years 2022–2023$70,25645th percentileof 4,101filing years 2022–2023
Median household income ±$11,3472024 ACS 5-Year$55,438Bottom 32%of 29,2232024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,7782024 ACS 5-Year$31,113Bottom 41%of 31,4202024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate ±5%2024 ACS 5-Year15.9%Bottom 32%of 31,7732024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±1.9 min2024 ACS 5-Year18.8 minTop 13%of 31,5432024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±4%2024 ACS 5-Year41.4%Top 18%of 31,9192024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±5%2024 ACS 5-Year68.7%25th percentileof 31,4332024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentKittitas County, WA’s figureJuly 202621,015Bottom 24%of 4,226July 2026
Employment change (3 years)Kittitas County, WA’s figureJuly 2026−1.6%Bottom 29%of 4,226July 2026
Employment change (year over year)Kittitas County, WA’s figureJuly 2026−2.6%Bottom 13%of 4,226July 2026
Labor forceKittitas County, WA’s figureJuly 202621,89924th percentileof 4,226July 2026
Labor force participation ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year80.2%Top 43%of 31,5132024 ACS 5-Year
Public transit to work ±0.7%2024 ACS 5-Year0.9%84th percentileof 31,4332024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)Kittitas County, WA’s figureJuly 2026−0.7%Top 19%of 4,226July 2026
Unemployment rateKittitas County, WA’s figureJuly 20264.0%Top 39%of 4,226July 2026
Worked from home ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year10.2%61st percentileof 31,4332024 ACS 5-Year

Median household income, successive ACS releases

202120222023202455k47k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $55,438 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes city-level labor data only for places of 25,000 or more. This is the figure for Kittitas County, WA, which contains this city.

46% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 61% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 17.8 students for every full-time teacher across 9 public schools, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
10
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
17.8
across 9 of them
Math proficiency
46.3%
Bottom 29% in Washington
Reading proficiency
60.8%
Bottom 31% in Washington
All 10 public schools on record, largest first.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Ellensburg High SchoolEllensburg School District95720.844%77%
Morgan Middle SchoolEllensburg School District77219.847%53%
Valley View Elementary SchoolEllensburg School District40816.349%56%
Ida Nason Aronica ElementaryEllensburg School District36115.7——
Mt. Stuart ElementaryEllensburg School District33613.452%52%
Lincoln ElementaryEllensburg School District33415.942%47%
Ellensburg Choice SchoolsEllensburg School District148———
Early Learning CenterEllensburg School District5427.0——
Damman ElementaryDamman School District4824.0——
Parke Creek Treatment CtrKittitas School District1111.0——

43.9% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with, not how the schools perform, so it is shown and not scored.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Washington’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for the non-metropolitan parts of Washington is up 35% over five years, and up 1.8% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $3,323 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.82% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,454, some 9% above the $1,340 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,454 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $58,200 a year, about 105% of the median household income here of $55,438.

The typical renter household here spends 36% of its income on rent, above the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,340 a month.

A median home at $404,100 costs 4.0 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $101,573, above the historic benchmark of about 3 times income.

Rent as a share of income
36.1%
Above the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
4.0×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,454
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,340
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$404,100
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Ellensburg’s median household income of $55,438, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Home price change (1 year)the non-metropolitan parts of Washington’s figure2026 Q2+1.8%32nd percentileof 4,1542026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)the non-metropolitan parts of Washington’s figure2026 Q2+35.1%28th percentileof 4,1542026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)the non-metropolitan parts of Washington’s figure2026 Q2+118.1%84th percentileof 4,1542026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.42024 ACS 5-Year4.0Bottom 18%of 26,8152024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year32.9%3rd percentileof 31,7172024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±3792024 ACS 5-Year9,50894th percentileof 32,1772024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$1,108Top 30%of 4,072FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$2,022Top 42%of 4,072FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,454Top 37%of 4,072FY2026
Median gross rent ±$572024 ACS 5-Year$1,340Bottom 25%of 23,1202024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$19,8122024 ACS 5-Year$404,10083rd percentileof 29,1112024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$2152024 ACS 5-Year$3,32376th percentileof 26,4402024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$10,3062024 ACS 5-Year$101,573Top 26%of 27,5482024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.07%2024 ACS 5-Year0.82%39th percentileof 20,5432024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±4%2024 ACS 5-Year36.1%Bottom 18%of 22,9502024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±1052024 ACS 5-Year11190th percentileof 32,3302024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year1.2%63rd percentileof 31,8952024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year4.5%36th percentileof 31,7692024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±1862024 ACS 5-Year53690th percentileof 32,3302024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures.

Development Momentum

39/ 100
Ranks 3,075 of 4,224 published city profiles
The most recent move in permitting was downward, in a series running from 2020 to 2025. That is the direction of the recent run. The chart below compares the first year with the last, which can point the other way.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has fallen 3% since 2020, to 20,996 in 2024.

Permitting has turned downward after moving the other way the year before: 55 units authorized in 2025, 40% below the prior year.

Federal tax returns show Kittitas County, which contains Ellensburg, gained about 0.9% of its residents through moves within the US in the most recent year, counting those who arrived against those who left. Households that moved in reported an average income of $99,611, above the $70,256 of households that moved out.

At 3.8 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
79
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
3.8
Top 38% nationally
Year over year
−16%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
57.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

2020202120222023202422k20k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been falling, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

People moving in and out

Net migration
+0.9%
of residents, in a year
Arrivals from another state
27%
of people moving in
Income of arrivals
$99,611
average per tax return
Income of those who left
$70,256
average per tax return

Where newcomers came from

  1. King County, WA 715 people · 26% of arrivals
  2. Snohomish County, WA 217 people · 8.0% of arrivals
  3. Pierce County, WA 216 people · 8.0% of arrivals
  4. Yakima County, WA 195 people · 7.2% of arrivals
  5. Benton County, WA 72 people · 2.7% of arrivals

Where people who left went

  1. King County, WA 360 people · 15% of departures
  2. Yakima County, WA 181 people · 7.6% of departures
  3. Pierce County, WA 161 people · 6.8% of departures
  4. Snohomish County, WA 112 people · 4.7% of departures
  5. Benton County, WA 87 people · 3.7% of departures

Based on the address on federal tax returns, compared with the same filers a year earlier. It counts people who file, and sees a move only when the address on a return changes. Domestic moves only: people arriving from abroad are left out. This is the figure for Kittitas County, WA. IRS Statistics of Income, filing years 2022–2023.

Housing units permitted per year

20202021202220232024202511955
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was lower than 2020 (−33%).

Weather & climate

5 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 86°F and January a low of 24°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 9.2 inches.

Air quality measures a median index of 23, in the Good band, and no day in the year passed 100.

10°30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station ELLENSBURG BOWERS FLD, 2.5 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND1.5"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index2024 calendar year532024 calendar year
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals9.2"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals24°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals86°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals51991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 1002024 calendar year02024 calendar year
Median air quality index2024 calendar year232024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals41°F1991-2020 Normals

Air quality

Median air quality index
23
Good on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
53
90th percentile index
Days above 100
0
unhealthy for sensitive groups

A comfortable median and a bad tail are different problems. Wildfire smoke and summer ozone show up in the worst tenth of days, not in the middle of the year.

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. Air quality is measured by EPA monitors and published by county only where a monitor sits; a county without one shows nothing rather than an estimate, and a county reading is still the county’s. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

20 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are wildfire, inland flooding and earthquake, with wildfire alone responsible for 54% of it.

WildfireHigh
LandslideModerate
AvalancheElevated
EarthquakeElevated
Inland floodingElevated
Heat waveModerate

Low or minimal exposure: volcanic activity, cold wave, winter weather, lightning, ice storm, drought, hail, strong wind, tornado, tsunami, coastal flooding, hurricane.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

Violent crime
230
per 100,000 residents · 2025 calendar year
Property crime
1,557
per 100,000 residents · 2025 calendar year

Below these are deaths rather than offenses, published for the county. The two measure different things and are not comparable with each other.

Ellensburg's police department reported 230 violent offenses per 100,000 residents, near the middle of places with a department reporting. Property crime runs at 1,557.

Kittitas County has a modeled homicide rate of about 4.3 per 100,000 residents a year, because the CDC suppresses counts this small, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at about 14.4 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, since the figure counts suicides and accidents as well as homicides.

Homicide
4.3
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Firearm deaths, all intents
14.4
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Suicide
17.3
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides, so the firearm figure and the homicide figure above it count some of the same deaths twice over. They overlap and should not be added together.

Offenses are reported to the FBI by Ellensburg’s own police department and shown only where it reported every month of the year; a partial year is withheld rather than scaled up. Reported crime is what police recorded, which is not the same as what happened. Death rates are crude rates — deaths divided by population, not adjusted for age — except where a count was too small for the CDC to publish and it modeled the rate, which the card marks. They come from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC by county and not below it. So they describe the county around Ellensburg (Kittitas County) rather than Ellensburg itself. Neither is part of the Area Score. How to read crime rates and death rates.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Cost of living
Price parities are published for metropolitan areas, and this place lies outside one.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. Cost of living is published where the Bureau of Economic Analysis measures it, though not for this place. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

3 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Grant County Intl at 60 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±6%2024 ACS 5-Year91.2%Top 43%of 31,5882024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle60 miBottom 8%of 4,226NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle3Bottom 20%of 4,226NASR current cycle
No internet access ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year4.2%Top 32%of 31,5882024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Grant County IntlMWH60 mi13,503 ft
Seattle-Tacoma IntlSEA88 mi11,901 ft
Boeing Fld/King County IntlBFI90 mi10,007 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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42
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
SafetyFederal Bureau of Investigation, Crime Data Explorer
Summarized offense counts by law enforcement agency
2025 calendar year
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
Demographics, IncomeInternal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
U.S. Population Migration Data (county to county)
filing years 2022–2023
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
SafetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
May 2025 to April 2026
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar year
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.

ZIP codes in Ellensburg

1 ZIP area

Every ZIP area in Ellensburg with census figures of its own, largest first.

ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeMedian home valueArea Score
9892634,353$71,137$470,30045