Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC

Metro Area Profile

1,787,235 residents. Jobs, income, development, climate and physical risk across the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC metropolitan area.

69out of 100
Area Score
Top 11% of 834 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 12 sources
OpportunityTop 43% of 835 metro and micro areas measured54
SchoolsTop 7% of 695 metro and micro areas measured86
Growth450th of 834 metro and micro areas measured48
Housing affordability646th of 835 metro and micro areas measured66
ClimateTop 16% of 835 metro and micro areas measured76
Physical resilienceTop 10% of 835 metro and micro areas measured83
AccessTop 31% of 835 metro and micro areas measured87
Economic stabilityTop 22% of 835 metro and micro areas measured75
The quick read

Unemployment is 3.9% and median household income $82,330, putting employment conditions in the middle range of metro and micro areas measured.

Public schools test above most of the state: 82% of students met the mathematics standard, placing the area in the top 7% of published profiles for schools.

5,224 housing units were authorized over the past twelve months, within 13% of the prior year — steady rather than turning.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
1,787,235
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$82,330
Top 15% nationally
Density
558/sq mi
3,201.9 sq mi of land
Median age
37.4
2024 ACS 5-Year
Area type
Metropolitan area
Virginia and North Carolina
Nearest major airport
PHF
21 mi · Newport News/Williamsburg Intl
Median home value
$340,900
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 3.9%, lower than in 59% of the 835 measured US metro and micro areas.

Employment fell 1.8% over the past year, to 840,093 employed residents.

36% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 82% of measured US metro and micro areas.

Median household income of $82,330 is higher than in 85% of measured US metro and micro areas.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$7112024 ACS 5-Year$82,330Top 15%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$5012024 ACS 5-Year$44,050Top 16%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate ±0.4%2024 ACS 5-Year10.4%Top 25%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±0.2 min2024 ACS 5-Year26.7 minBottom 24%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±0.4%2024 ACS 5-Year35.8%Top 18%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±0.4%2024 ACS 5-Year74.3%30th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentJuly 2026840,093Top 4%of 835July 2026
Employment change (3 years)July 2026−3.6%Bottom 14%of 835July 2026
Employment change (year over year)July 2026−1.8%Bottom 26%of 835July 2026
Labor forceJuly 2026874,05796th percentileof 835July 2026
Labor force participation ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year80.6%Top 23%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage2025 OEWS$64,130Top 32%of 3922025 OEWS
Median annual wage2025 OEWS$49,430Top 32%of 3922025 OEWS
Metro employment2025 OEWS763,06090th percentileof 3922025 OEWS
Public transit to work ±0.1%2024 ACS 5-Year1.1%84th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026+0.3%Bottom 23%of 835July 2026
Unemployment rateJuly 20263.9%Top 41%of 835July 2026
Worked from home ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year12.2%76th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year

Unemployment rate

2021/072022/072023/072024/072025/072026/074.72.5
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 3.9% in July 2026. It has been falling, over a series running from 2020-01 to 2026-07. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.

Largest occupations — Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC

OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers22,520$28,780
Retail Salespersons20,890$30,820
General and Operations Managers17,400$100,340
Registered Nurses16,870$89,450
Cashiers16,840$29,320
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand13,920$39,160

Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

82% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 79% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 14.6 students for every full-time teacher across 358 public schools, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
407
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
14.6
across 358 of them
Math proficiency
82.0%
Top 8% in Virginia
Reading proficiency
78.6%
Top 5% in Virginia
The 12 largest of 407 public schools, by enrollment.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Grassfield HighChesapeake City Public Schools2,34515.197%97%
Oscar F. Smith HighChesapeake City Public Schools2,26412.787%83%
Landstown HighVirginia Beach City Public Schools2,15217.187%89%
Western Branch HighChesapeake City Public Schools2,13814.595%92%
Kempsville HighVirginia Beach City Public Schools2,04617.590%93%
Bayside HighVirginia Beach City Public Schools1,98417.081%80%
Granby HighNorfolk City Public Schools1,98017.170%79%
Tallwood HighVirginia Beach City Public Schools1,89016.283%90%
Floyd Kellam HighVirginia Beach City Public Schools1,84218.187%95%
Ocean Lakes HighVirginia Beach City Public Schools1,83417.392%93%
Bethel HighHampton City Public Schools1,76915.078%84%
First Colonial HighVirginia Beach City Public Schools1,72718.494%90%

61.7% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with, not how the schools perform, so it is shown and not scored.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against each state’s own standard, so it is ranked within state — here, within Virginia, the first state in this area’s name. How to read school figures.

Prices for everything a household buys run about 2% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 97.7, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for this area is up 43% over five years, and up 3.6% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $2,773 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.81% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,713, some 16% above the $1,478 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,713 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $68,500 a year, about 83% of the median household income here of $82,330.

The typical renter household here spends 32% of its income on rent, above the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,478 a month.

A median home at $340,900 costs 3.2 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $106,077, above the historic benchmark of about 3 times income.

Cost of living
97.7

Prices here run about 2% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Price level for all consumption in this metropolitan area against a national average of 100. Housing dominates the spread between places; goods vary far less.

Rent as a share of income
32.3%
Above the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.2×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,713
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,478
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$340,900
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk’s median household income of $82,330, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living index202397.7Bottom 29%of 3862023
Home price change (1 year)2026 Q2+3.6%56th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)2026 Q2+43.4%49th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)2026 Q2+78.2%23rd percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.02024 ACS 5-Year3.2Bottom 28%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±0.6%2024 ACS 5-Year63.4%17th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±3322024 ACS 5-Year763,67896th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$1,512Bottom 8%of 818FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$2,376Bottom 7%of 818FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,713Bottom 10%of 818FY2026
Median gross rent ±$132024 ACS 5-Year$1,478Bottom 10%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$2,1292024 ACS 5-Year$340,90081st percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$212024 ACS 5-Year$2,77373rd percentileof 9332024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$1,1572024 ACS 5-Year$106,077Top 11%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.01%2024 ACS 5-Year0.81%51st percentileof 9322024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±0.5%2024 ACS 5-Year32.3%Bottom 14%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±7872024 ACS 5-Year11,65893rd percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year1.5%43rd percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year5.8%28th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±1,8342024 ACS 5-Year56,27095th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.

Development Momentum

48/ 100
Ranks 450 of 834 published metro profiles
The most recent move in permitting was downward, in a series running from 2024 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 1% since 2020, reaching 1,794,278 in 2024.

At 2.9 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US metro and micro areas.

Units permitted
5,224
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.9
Top 45% nationally
Year over year
+13%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
31.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

202020212022202320241794k1782k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been rising for the last 4 years, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 89°F and January a low of 34°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 45.7 inches, including 3.0 inches of snow.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station NORFOLK NAS, 9.8 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND5.3"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals45.7"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall1991-2020 Normals3.0"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals34°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals89°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals61991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals39°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

83 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, hurricane and tornado, with inland flooding alone responsible for 41% of it. Inland flooding and tornado are independently rated low or minimal nationally, so this describes how the loss is composed, not how large those hazards are.

Overall hazard risk is lower than 90% of measured US metro and micro areas.

HurricaneElevated
Coastal floodingModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, lightning, earthquake, tornado, ice storm, inland flooding, winter weather, cold wave, hail, wildfire, strong wind, drought, landslide, tsunami, volcanic activity, avalanche.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. This value is the population-weighted mean of all component counties; expected annual loss is their sum. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. City profiles inside this area carry their own figure where their department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Death-certificate rates
The CDC publishes these rates by county, so a metropolitan area carries none of its own. The county profiles inside it do.
Air quality
The EPA publishes an air-quality index by county, and only where a monitor sits, so a metropolitan area carries none of its own. The county profiles inside it show it where one exists.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Newport News/Williamsburg Intl at 21 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year91.8%Top 16%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle21 miTop 26%of 835NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle2Bottom 16%of 835NASR current cycle
No internet access ±0.3%2024 ACS 5-Year5.8%Top 20%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Newport News/Williamsburg IntlPHF21 mi8,003 ft
Richmond IntlRIC69 mi9,003 ft
Kinston Rgnl Jetport At Stallings FldISO124 mi11,498 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
69
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
HousingU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWS
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.