Suffolk, Virginia

Area Profile

98,796 residents. Public schools, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Suffolk, in Suffolk city.

63out of 100
Area Score
Top 34% of 4,196 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 16 sources
Opportunity2,311th of 4,199 cities measured54
Schools2,335th of 4,162 cities measured45
GrowthTop 25% of 4,224 cities measured63
Housing affordability2,316th of 4,218 cities measured65
ClimateTop 26% of 4,225 cities measured76
Physical resilienceTop 29% of 4,226 cities measured76
Access3,273rd of 4,226 cities measured81
Economic stability2,269th of 4,226 cities measured56
The quick read

Unemployment is 4.0% and median household income $92,666, putting employment conditions in the middle range of cities measured.

In the public schools here, 84% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 15.2 students for every teacher.

608 housing units were authorized over the past twelve months, within 10% of the prior year — steady rather than turning.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
98,796
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$92,666
Top 23% nationally
Density
248/sq mi
399.2 sq mi of land
Median age
38.7
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Virginia
Nearest major airport
PHF
31 mi · Newport News/Williamsburg Intl
Median home value
$347,400
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.0%, lower than in 61% of the 4,226 measured US cities.

Employment fell 1.8% over the past year, to 48,432 employed residents.

33% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 74% of measured US cities.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Income of new arrivalsSuffolk city, VA’s figurefiling years 2022–2023$64,51235th percentileof 4,101filing years 2022–2023
Income of those who leftSuffolk city, VA’s figurefiling years 2022–2023$63,24831st percentileof 4,101filing years 2022–2023
Median household income ±$3,8812024 ACS 5-Year$92,666Top 23%of 29,2232024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,8742024 ACS 5-Year$45,819Top 22%of 31,4202024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year9.2%Top 44%of 31,7732024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±0.7 min2024 ACS 5-Year32.7 minBottom 23%of 31,5432024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year33.3%Top 26%of 31,9192024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year79.0%56th percentileof 31,4332024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentJuly 202648,432Bottom 46%of 4,226July 2026
Employment change (3 years)July 2026−2.1%Bottom 22%of 4,226July 2026
Employment change (year over year)July 2026−1.8%Bottom 29%of 4,226July 2026
Labor forceJuly 202650,46046th percentileof 4,226July 2026
Labor force participation ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year79.9%Top 44%of 31,5132024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wageVirginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area’s figure2025 OEWS$64,130Bottom 28%of 3,7292025 OEWS
Median annual wageVirginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area’s figure2025 OEWS$49,430Bottom 37%of 3,7292025 OEWS
Public transit to work ±0.2%2024 ACS 5-Year0.2%75th percentileof 31,4332024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026+0.3%Bottom 29%of 4,226July 2026
Unemployment rateJuly 20264.0%Top 39%of 4,226July 2026
Worked from home ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year10.7%63rd percentileof 31,4332024 ACS 5-Year

Unemployment rate

2021/072022/072023/072024/072025/072026/074.52.5
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.0% in July 2026. It has been falling, over a series running from 2020-01 to 2026-07. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.

Median household income, successive ACS releases

202120222023202493k82k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $92,666 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

Largest occupations — Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC

OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers22,520$28,780
Retail Salespersons20,890$30,820
General and Operations Managers17,400$100,340
Registered Nurses16,870$89,450
Cashiers16,840$29,320
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand13,920$39,160

Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

84% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 78% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 15.2 students for every full-time teacher across 19 public schools, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
22
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
15.2
across 19 of them
Math proficiency
84.0%
Bottom 46% in Virginia
Reading proficiency
78.0%
Bottom 37% in Virginia
The 12 largest of 22 public schools, by enrollment.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
King's Fork HighSuffolk City Public Schools1,68616.489%86%
Nansemond River HighSuffolk City Public Schools1,68315.691%88%
Lakeland HighSuffolk City Public Schools1,04512.381%81%
King's Fork MiddleSuffolk City Public Schools98613.979%73%
Florence Bowser ElementarySuffolk City Public Schools92621.0——
Northern Shores ElementarySuffolk City Public Schools79819.590%85%
Hillpoint ElementarySuffolk City Public Schools78020.077%72%
Creekside ElementarySuffolk City Public Schools76416.385%75%
Colonel Fred Cherry MiddleSuffolk City Public Schools73611.987%83%
Mack Benn Jr. ElementarySuffolk City Public Schools71316.271%60%
Elephant's Fork ElementarySuffolk City Public Schools65318.180%66%
Southwestern ElementarySuffolk City Public Schools57918.787%73%

68.9% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with, not how the schools perform, so it is shown and not scored.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Virginia’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

Prices for everything a household buys run about 2% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 97.7, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area is up 43% over five years, and up 3.6% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $3,229 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.93% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,793, some 15% above the $1,563 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,793 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $71,700 a year, about 77% of the median household income here of $92,666.

The typical renter household here spends 34% of its income on rent, above the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,563 a month.

A median home at $347,400 costs 3.1 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $112,541, above the historic benchmark of about 3 times income.

Cost of living
97.7

Prices here run about 2% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Published for the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area as a whole. Prices are regional — people shop, commute and rent across a metropolitan area rather than within a city boundary — so this describes the cost of living around this place better than a figure drawn to its own limits would.

Rent as a share of income
33.7%
Above the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.1×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,793
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,563
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$347,400
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Suffolk’s median household income of $92,666, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living indexthe Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area’s figure202397.7Top 35%of 3,7002023
Home price change (1 year)the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+3.6%61st percentileof 4,1542026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+43.4%52nd percentileof 4,1542026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+78.2%25th percentileof 4,1542026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.12024 ACS 5-Year3.1Bottom 33%of 26,8152024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year70.7%39th percentileof 31,7172024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±512024 ACS 5-Year40,49999th percentileof 32,1772024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$1,583Bottom 38%of 4,072FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$2,485Bottom 35%of 4,072FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,793Bottom 42%of 4,072FY2026
Median gross rent ±$582024 ACS 5-Year$1,563Bottom 18%of 23,1202024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$5,8122024 ACS 5-Year$347,40078th percentileof 29,1112024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$1012024 ACS 5-Year$3,22975th percentileof 26,4402024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$3,8712024 ACS 5-Year$112,541Top 19%of 27,5482024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.03%2024 ACS 5-Year0.93%47th percentileof 20,5432024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year33.7%Bottom 24%of 22,9502024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±952024 ACS 5-Year16793rd percentileof 32,3302024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year0.4%55th percentileof 31,8952024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year6.0%44th percentileof 31,7692024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±3582024 ACS 5-Year2,59198th percentileof 32,3302024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.

Development Momentum

63/ 100
Top 25% of 4,224 published city profiles
Permitting has been falling for the last 2 years of a series running from 2020 to 2025. That is the direction of the recent run. The chart below compares the first year with the last, which can point the other way.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 9% since 2020, reaching 103,105 in 2024.

Population is still rising but the pace is easing: 103,105 residents in 2024, up 2.0% over the year, a smaller gain than the year before.

Federal tax returns show Suffolk city, which contains Suffolk, gained about 1.5% of its residents through moves within the US in the most recent year, counting those who arrived against those who left. Households that moved in reported an average income of $64,512, close to the $63,248 of households that moved out.

At 6.2 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
608
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
6.2
Top 22% nationally
Year over year
−10%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
—
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

20202021202220232024103k95k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been rising for the last 4 years, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

People moving in and out

Net migration
+1.5%
of residents, in a year
Arrivals from another state
33%
of people moving in
Income of arrivals
$64,512
average per tax return
Income of those who left
$63,248
average per tax return

Where newcomers came from

  1. Chesapeake city, VA 1,278 people · 16% of arrivals
  2. Portsmouth city, VA 1,046 people · 13% of arrivals
  3. Virginia Beach city, VA 856 people · 10% of arrivals
  4. Norfolk city, VA 601 people · 7.3% of arrivals
  5. Isle of Wight County, VA 356 people · 4.3% of arrivals

Where people who left went

  1. Chesapeake city, VA 861 people · 12% of departures
  2. Portsmouth city, VA 697 people · 9.9% of departures
  3. Virginia Beach city, VA 495 people · 7.0% of departures
  4. Norfolk city, VA 380 people · 5.4% of departures
  5. Isle of Wight County, VA 355 people · 5.0% of departures

Based on the address on federal tax returns, compared with the same filers a year earlier. It counts people who file, and sees a move only when the address on a return changes. Domestic moves only: people arriving from abroad are left out. This is the figure for Suffolk city, VA. IRS Statistics of Income, filing years 2022–2023.

Housing units permitted per year

2020202120222023202420251k589
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was lower than 2020 (−47%).

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 89°F and January a low of 34°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 45.7 inches, including 3.0 inches of snow.

Air quality measures a median index of 37, in the Good band, and no day in the year passed 100.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station NORFOLK NAS, 26.1 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND5.3"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index2024 calendar year472024 calendar year
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals45.7"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall1991-2020 Normals3.0"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals34°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals89°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals61991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 1002024 calendar year02024 calendar year
Median air quality index2024 calendar year372024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals39°F1991-2020 Normals

Air quality

Median air quality index
37
Good on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
47
90th percentile index
Days above 100
0
unhealthy for sensitive groups

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. Air quality is measured by EPA monitors and published by county only where a monitor sits; a county without one shows nothing rather than an estimate, and a county reading is still the county’s. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

76 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, hurricane and drought, with inland flooding alone responsible for 35% of it. Inland flooding is independently rated low or minimal nationally, so this describes how the loss is composed, not how large that hazard is.

Overall hazard risk is lower than 71% of measured US cities.

DroughtHigh
HurricaneElevated
Coastal floodingModerate
LandslideModerate

Low or minimal exposure: winter weather, heat wave, lightning, strong wind, ice storm, tornado, wildfire, inland flooding, earthquake, hail, cold wave, tsunami, avalanche, volcanic activity.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

Violent crime
365
per 100,000 residents · 2025 calendar year
Property crime
1,251
per 100,000 residents · 2025 calendar year

Below these are deaths rather than offenses, published for the county. The two measure different things and are not comparable with each other.

Suffolk's police department reported 365 violent offenses per 100,000 residents, near the middle of places with a department reporting. Property crime runs at 1,251.

Suffolk city has a modeled homicide rate of about 4.3 per 100,000 residents a year, because the CDC suppresses counts this small, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at about 13.1 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, since the figure counts suicides and accidents as well as homicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 10.9 per 100,000 residents in Suffolk city.

Homicide
4.3
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Firearm deaths, all intents
13.1
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Drug overdose
10.9
per 100,000 residents
Suicide
12.0
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides, so the firearm figure and the homicide figure above it count some of the same deaths twice over. They overlap and should not be added together.

Offenses are reported to the FBI by Suffolk’s own police department and shown only where it reported every month of the year; a partial year is withheld rather than scaled up. Reported crime is what police recorded, which is not the same as what happened. Death rates are crude rates — deaths divided by population, not adjusted for age — except where a count was too small for the CDC to publish and it modeled the rate, which the card marks. They come from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC by county and not below it. So they describe the county around Suffolk (Suffolk city) rather than Suffolk itself. Neither is part of the Area Score. How to read crime rates and death rates.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Newport News/Williamsburg Intl at 31 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±1%2024 ACS 5-Year90.2%Top 48%of 31,5882024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle31 miBottom 26%of 4,226NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle2Bottom 8%of 4,226NASR current cycle
No internet access ±0.8%2024 ACS 5-Year6.4%Top 45%of 31,5882024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Newport News/Williamsburg IntlPHF31 mi8,003 ft
Richmond IntlRIC67 mi9,003 ft
Kinston Rgnl Jetport At Stallings FldISO109 mi11,498 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
63
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—

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Other cities in Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC

Same metropolitan area, measured the same way
CityCountyPopulationArea ScoreCompare
Virginia BeachVirginia Beach city456,34969Virginia Beach vs Suffolk
ChesapeakeChesapeake city252,58368Chesapeake vs Suffolk
NorfolkNorfolk city233,59656Norfolk vs Suffolk
Newport NewsNewport News city184,21654
HamptonHampton city137,55758
PortsmouthPortsmouth city97,19053
WilliamsburgWilliamsburg city15,79859
PoquosonPoquoson city12,63967
Gloucester PointGloucester County11,10967

Every city here is measured on the same scale from the same source releases, so the comparison is like for like. A higher Area Score reflects AreaProfile’s standardized weighting rather than a judgment about which is the better place to live.

Compare

Put Suffolk side by side with a similar place.

Suffolk vs EnnisSuffolk vs Sanford

Moving to Suffolk from somewhere else?

You get the difference in prices, rent and weather, and the income that would keep pace.

Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
SafetyFederal Bureau of Investigation, Crime Data Explorer
Summarized offense counts by law enforcement agency
2025 calendar year
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
Demographics, IncomeInternal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
U.S. Population Migration Data (county to county)
filing years 2022–2023
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
HousingU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWS
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
SafetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
March 2025 to February 2026; May 2025 to April 2026
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar year
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.

ZIP codes in Suffolk

7 ZIP areas

Every ZIP area in Suffolk with census figures of its own, largest first. The ones linked below diverge enough from the city as a whole to carry a full profile; the rest track Suffolk closely, so their figures are here rather than on a page that would repeat this one. An Area Score is calculated for published profiles only, which is why it is blank on those rows.

ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeMedian home valueArea Score
2343454,387$79,877$313,50062
2343533,721$111,700$394,50069
234375,023$80,833$323,80064
234381,749$93,750$292,600—
234331,391$140,114$503,000—
234321,180$94,306$391,500—
23436882$202,708$556,800—