Mobile, AL

Metro Area Profile

412,590 residents. Jobs, income, development, climate and physical risk across the Mobile, AL metropolitan area.

45out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 12% of 834 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 12 sources
Opportunity683rd of 835 metro and micro areas measured34
Schools531st of 695 metro and micro areas measured29
Growth606th of 834 metro and micro areas measured37
Housing affordability609th of 835 metro and micro areas measured68
ClimateTop 9% of 835 metro and micro areas measured78
Physical resilience706th of 835 metro and micro areas measured26
AccessTop 13% of 835 metro and micro areas measured97
Economic stability660th of 835 metro and micro areas measured27
The quick read

Employment conditions sit below most comparable metro and micro areas measured: unemployment is 4.4% and the Opportunity signal places Mobile in the bottom 18%.

In the public schools here, 43% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 17.9 students for every teacher.

Residential permitting has slowed: 1,180 units authorized over the past twelve months, 15% below the prior year.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
412,590
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$58,880
Bottom 24% nationally
Density
336/sq mi
1,229.4 sq mi of land
Median age
38.5
2024 ACS 5-Year
Area type
Metropolitan area
Alabama
Nearest major airport
MOB
3 mi · Mobile Rgnl
Median home value
$190,700
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.4% — higher than in all but 42% of the 835 measured US metro and micro areas.

Employment fell 2.0% over the past year, to 175,526 employed residents.

Median household income of $58,880 is lower than in 76% of measured US metro and micro areas.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$1,2732024 ACS 5-Year$58,880Bottom 24%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$6682024 ACS 5-Year$33,306Bottom 35%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate ±0.8%2024 ACS 5-Year15.6%Bottom 28%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±0.5 min2024 ACS 5-Year27.6 minBottom 19%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±0.8%2024 ACS 5-Year26.0%Top 47%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±0.9%2024 ACS 5-Year82.5%90th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentJuly 2026175,526Top 18%of 835July 2026
Employment change (3 years)July 2026−1.7%Bottom 31%of 835July 2026
Employment change (year over year)July 2026−2.0%Bottom 24%of 835July 2026
Labor forceJuly 2026183,56382nd percentileof 835July 2026
Labor force participation ±0.8%2024 ACS 5-Year73.8%Bottom 32%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage2025 OEWS$58,170Bottom 34%of 3922025 OEWS
Median annual wage2025 OEWS$47,000Bottom 41%of 3922025 OEWS
Metro employment2025 OEWS172,55065th percentileof 3922025 OEWS
Public transit to work ±0.1%2024 ACS 5-Year0.4%55th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)July 2026+0.8%Bottom 7%of 835July 2026
Unemployment rateJuly 20264.4%Bottom 42%of 835July 2026
Worked from home ±0.6%2024 ACS 5-Year8.3%46th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year

Unemployment rate

2021/072022/072023/072024/072025/072026/075.22.2
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.4% in July 2026. It has been falling, over a series running from 2020-01 to 2026-07. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.

Largest occupations — Mobile, AL

OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Registered Nurses5,260$79,490
Retail Salespersons4,900$29,710
Stockers and Order Fillers3,840$35,070
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive3,780$42,840
Cashiers3,710$28,240
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers3,510$51,010

Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

43% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 39% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 17.9 students for every full-time teacher across 96 public schools, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
104
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
17.9
across 96 of them
Math proficiency
43.0%
Bottom 35% in Alabama
Reading proficiency
39.0%
Bottom 30% in Alabama
The 12 largest of 104 public schools, by enrollment.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Baker High SchoolMobile County2,27117.252%48%
Mary G Montgomery High SchoolMobile County1,88818.044%40%
Alma Bryant High SchoolMobile County1,62418.040%33%
WP Davidson High SchoolMobile County1,47018.650%48%
Bernice J Causey Middle SchoolMobile County1,33919.748%45%
Theodore High SchoolMobile County1,21818.241%27%
Murphy High SchoolMobile County1,21216.437%36%
Semmes Middle SchoolMobile County1,18118.738%37%
Saraland High SchoolSaraland City1,13416.250%56%
Mattie T Blount High SchoolMobile County1,05818.614%13%
Saraland Elementary SchoolSaraland City1,03418.577%70%
ER Dickson Elementary SchoolMobile County96720.152%40%

66.3% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with, not how the schools perform, so it is shown and not scored.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against Alabama’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

Prices for everything a household buys run about 11% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 88.7, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for this area is up 41% over five years, and up 2.1% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $888 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.47% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,083, close to the $1,052 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,083 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $43,300 a year, about 74% of the median household income here of $58,880.

The typical renter household here spends 33% of its income on rent, above the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,052 a month.

A median home at $190,700 costs 2.6 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $74,683, close to the historic benchmark for an affordable market.

Cost of living
88.7

Prices here run about 11% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Price level for all consumption in this metropolitan area against a national average of 100. Housing dominates the spread between places; goods vary far less.

Rent as a share of income
32.5%
Above the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
2.6×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,083
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,052
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$190,700
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against Mobile’s median household income of $58,880, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living index202388.7Top 16%of 3862023
Home price change (1 year)2026 Q2+2.1%30th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)2026 Q2+40.8%40th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)2026 Q2+89.0%40th percentileof 3722026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.12024 ACS 5-Year2.6Top 47%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±0.9%2024 ACS 5-Year66.0%28th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±1352024 ACS 5-Year186,08286th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$919Bottom 47%of 818FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$1,414Top 47%of 818FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,083Top 45%of 818FY2026
Median gross rent ±$222024 ACS 5-Year$1,052Bottom 38%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$3,6882024 ACS 5-Year$190,70040th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$202024 ACS 5-Year$8889th percentileof 9332024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$2,1222024 ACS 5-Year$74,683Bottom 32%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.01%2024 ACS 5-Year0.47%11th percentileof 9322024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±0.8%2024 ACS 5-Year32.5%Bottom 12%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±4762024 ACS 5-Year2,86673rd percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year1.5%43rd percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year11.6%82nd percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±1,1002024 ACS 5-Year24,41789th percentileof 9352024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.

Development Momentum

37/ 100
Ranks 606 of 834 published metro profiles
The most recent move in permitting was downward, in a series running from 2024 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has been broadly flat since 2020, at 412,339 in 2024.

New construction is predominantly single-family: of 1,180 units permitted over the past twelve months, only 4% are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 2.9 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US metro and micro areas.

Units permitted
1,180
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.9
Top 46% nationally
Year over year
−15%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
4.2%
units in 5+ unit buildings

Population, annual estimates

20202021202220232024414k411k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population. It has been holding roughly steady, over a series running from 2020 to 2024.

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 91°F and January a low of 41°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 67.1 inches.

30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station MOBILE, 2.6 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND7.7"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals67.1"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall1991-2020 Normals0.2"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals41°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals91°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals31°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

26 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are hurricane, inland flooding and tornado, with hurricane alone responsible for 60% of it. Tornado is independently rated low or minimal nationally, so this describes how the loss is composed, not how large that hazard is.

HurricaneHigh
LightningModerate
Inland floodingModerate
Coastal floodingModerate
DroughtModerate
Cold waveModerate
LandslideModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, tornado, wildfire, earthquake, hail, winter weather, strong wind, ice storm, tsunami, volcanic activity, avalanche.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. This value is the population-weighted mean of all component counties; expected annual loss is their sum. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. City profiles inside this area carry their own figure where their department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Death-certificate rates
The CDC publishes these rates by county, so a metropolitan area carries none of its own. The county profiles inside it do.
Air quality
The EPA publishes an air-quality index by county, and only where a monitor sits, so a metropolitan area carries none of its own. The county profiles inside it show it where one exists.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

3 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Mobile Rgnl at 3 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±0.7%2024 ACS 5-Year86.3%Bottom 28%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle3 miTop 1%of 835NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle3Bottom 35%of 835NASR current cycle
No internet access ±0.6%2024 ACS 5-Year10.2%Bottom 32%of 9352024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Mobile RgnlMOB3 mi8,502 ft
Stennis IntlHSA78 mi8,498 ft
Bob SikesCEW100 mi8,006 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
45
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
HousingU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWS
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.