Baldwin County, GA

County Profile

43,642 residents. Safety, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Baldwin County, GA.

Several figures AreaProfile publishes are measured by county and nowhere finer — death rates by intent among them. On this page those describe the geography they are printed on, which is not true of the city and ZIP pages that inherit them.

59out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 40% of 1,225 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 38% of 1,255 counties61
Schools906th of 973 counties14
GrowthTop 15% of 1,226 counties69
Housing affordability700th of 1,255 counties91
ClimateTop 44% of 1,254 counties70
Physical resilienceTop 46% of 1,255 counties65
Access1126th of 1,255 counties51
Economic stability1222nd of 1,255 counties17
The quick read

Unemployment is 4.3% and median household income $54,403, putting employment conditions in the middle range of published profiles.

In the public schools here, 13% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 15.2 students for every teacher.

Development activity is both elevated and accelerating — 202 housing units permitted over the past twelve months, up 59% on the prior year.

At a glance

Population
43,642
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$54,403
Bottom 22% nationally
Density
169/sq mi
258.7 sq mi of land
Median age
36.5
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Baldwin County
Georgia
Metro area
Milledgeville, GA
Nearest major airport
AGS
78 mi · Augusta Rgnl At Bush Fld
Median home value
$181,900
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.3% is lower than 46% of the 1,255 measured US locations.

Employment grew 3.2% over the past year, to 18,777 employed residents.

Median household income of $54,403 is below 78% of measured US locations.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$3,703$54,403Bottom 22%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$6,282$33,156Bottom 41%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate21.7%Top 13%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute26.4 minTop 45%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher24.4%Top 41%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment18,777Bottom 21%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)6.7%Top 4%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)3.2%Top 2%June 2026
Labor force19,623Bottom 21%June 2026
Labor force participation47.7%Bottom 11%2024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)0.0%Bottom 45%June 2026
Unemployment rate4.3%Top 46%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/065.43.3
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.3% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202455k50k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $54,403 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

13% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 22% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 15.2 students for every full-time teacher, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
7
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
15.2
across all schools here
Math proficiency
12.5%
Bottom 4% in Georgia
Reading proficiency
21.6%
Bottom 8% in Georgia
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Baldwin High SchoolBaldwin County1,28316.7
Oak Hill MSBaldwin County97413.912%26%
Lakeview PrimaryBaldwin County80421.2
Lakeview AcademyBaldwin County57512.517%22%
Midway Hills PrimaryBaldwin County48213.8
Midway Hills AcademyBaldwin County39213.17%10%
Millegeville ITUDepartment of Juvenile Justice1010.0

86.3% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Georgia’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $923 takes 20% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 3.3 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
20.4%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.3×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$923
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$181,900
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income3.34Top 36%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate61.1%Bottom 8%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±5620,302Top 35%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$36$923Top 41%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$14,240$181,900Top 50%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income20.4%Top 19%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate18.3%Top 32%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
69/ 100
Top 15% of 1,226 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing, measured from 2022 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has been broadly flat since 2020, at 43,644 in 2024.

Permitting has turned downward after moving the other way the year before.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 14% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 4.6 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US locations.

Units permitted
202
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
4.6
Top 33% nationally
Year over year
+59%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
13.9%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
2020202120222023202444k43k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
202220232024202520293
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was lower than 2022 (−23%).

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 93°F and January a low of 33°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 48.2 inches.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station MILLEDGEVILLE, 1.7 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND4.8"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation48.2"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall0.6"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low33°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high93°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months61991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing36°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

65 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are tornado, earthquake and drought.

DroughtElevated
EarthquakeModerate
HurricaneModerate
TornadoModerate
Cold waveElevated
Strong windModerate
LightningModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, wildfire, ice storm, inland flooding, hail, landslide, winter weather.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA National Risk Index county record. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Baldwin County records 7.8 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, higher than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 15.9 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 12.6 per 100,000 residents in Baldwin County.

Homicide
7.8
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
15.9
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
12.6
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
15.3
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Baldwin County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Baldwin County rather than Baldwin County itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 78 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Augusta Rgnl At Bush FldAGS78 mi8,001 ft
Hartsfield/Jackson Atlanta IntlATL79 mi12,390 ft
Donaldson FldGYH128 mi8,000 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
59
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

Cities in Baldwin County, GA