AreaProfile

Columbus, Georgia

Area Profile

203,711 residents. Jobs, income, climate, physical risk, development and airport access for Columbus, in Muscogee County.

61
Area Score
Bottom 45% of 133 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 36% of 139 published cities62
Growth122nd of 134 published cities23
Housing affordabilityTop 17% of 150 published cities85
ClimateTop 45% of 149 published cities72
Physical resilienceTop 26% of 150 published cities73
Access146th of 149 published cities51
Economic stability135th of 150 published cities39
The quick read

Housing is more affordable relative to local incomes than in most published city profiles, with rent taking 23% of median household income.

Its Area Score of 61 places Columbus in the top 55% of published city profiles.

At a glance

Population
203,711
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$58,073
Bottom 36% nationally
Density
941/sq mi
216.5 sq mi of land
Median age
35.4
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Muscogee County
Georgia
Metro area
Columbus, GA-AL
Nearest major airport
ATL
82 mi · Hartsfield/Jackson Atlanta Intl
Median home value
$193,900
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.3% is lower than 61% of the 140 measured US cities.

Employment grew 1.0% over the past year, to 79,972 employed residents.

30% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 70% of measured US cities.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$1,832$58,073Bottom 36%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,355$33,739Top 50%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate19.0%Top 26%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute22.2 minBottom 27%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher30.5%Top 30%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment79,972Bottom 2%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-0.1%Bottom 46%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)1.0%Top 5%June 2026
Labor force83,549Bottom 1%June 2026
Labor force participation60.8%Top 49%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$55,130Bottom 3%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$43,540Bottom 3%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)0.0%Bottom 45%June 2026
Unemployment rate4.3%Bottom 39%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032026/012026/065.53.3
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 4.3% in June 2026.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202458k51k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $58,073 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Columbus, GA-AL
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers4,060$23,300
Retail Salespersons3,580$28,180
Cashiers2,900$26,980
Registered Nurses2,790$82,500
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand2,490$36,910
Customer Service Representatives2,150$37,330

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $1,106 takes 23% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 3.3 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
22.9%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.3×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$1,106
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$193,900
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income3.34Top 40%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate50.8%Bottom 10%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±39692,031Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$20$1,106Top 39%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$5,785$193,900Top 48%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income22.9%Top 25%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate11.5%Top 44%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
23/ 100
Ranks 122 of 134 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing, measured from 2020 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has fallen 3% since 2020, reaching 201,830 in 2024.

Permitting has turned downward after moving the other way the year before.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 15% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 1.3 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US cities.

Units permitted
265
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
1.3
Bottom 14% nationally
Year over year
−5%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
15.1%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
20202021202220232024207k202k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
202020222023202420251k260
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was lower than 2020 (−81%).

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 93°F and January a low of 38°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 48.8 inches.

30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station COLUMBUS METRO AP, 3.9 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND4.9"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation48.8"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall0.5"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low38°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high93°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months61991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing35°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

73 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are hurricane, tornado and lightning.

LightningElevated
HurricaneModerate
LandslideModerate
TornadoModerate
DroughtModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, inland flooding, earthquake, hail, strong wind, wildfire, ice storm, winter weather, cold wave.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. City values are the population-weighted mean of the counties the city overlaps, using AreaProfile place-to-county land-area weights. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

Taxes

AreaProfile does not yet publish tax comparisons. No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, methodology transparency and update cadence, and the product rule is to omit a dimension rather than estimate it. The Area Score is calculated without a tax component and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Nothing on AreaProfile is individualized tax advice.

Access

3 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 82 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Hartsfield/Jackson Atlanta IntlATL82 mi12,390 ft
Dothan RgnlDHN89 mi8,500 ft
Montgomery Rgnl (Dannelly Fld)MGM90 mi9,020 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
61
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)

Profile recalculated August 29, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

ZIP codes in Columbus

5 published ZIP profiles
ZIPPopulationMedian household incomeArea Score
3190759,110$54,45360
3190939,364$69,16663
3190435,405$66,29162
3190320,644$32,40154
3190620,400$44,96557