23236Rockwood, Virginia

Area Profile

Income, jobs, climate, physical risk and development data for ZIP code 23236.

Area Score unavailable

Missing required signal: growth. AreaProfile withholds a score rather than inferring the missing dimensions.

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 42% of 6,210 ZIP areas measured58
Schools2667th of 4,422 ZIP areas measured43
Housing affordabilityTop 22% of 6,685 ZIP areas measured95
ClimateTop 30% of 6,789 ZIP areas measured75
Physical resilienceTop 29% of 6,709 ZIP areas measured76
Access3684th of 6,791 ZIP areas measured92
Economic stabilityTop 13% of 6,742 ZIP areas measured79
The quick read

Unemployment is 3.8% and median household income $110,499, putting employment conditions in the middle range of published ZIP profiles.

In the public schools here, 43% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 13.9 students for every teacher.

A major airport is 15 miles away, giving the area unusually direct access to the national air network.

At a glance

Population
27,903
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$110,499
Top 13% nationally
Density
1,920/sq mi
14.5 sq mi of land
Median age
40.7
2024 ACS 5-Year
City
Rockwood
Virginia
Metro area
Richmond, VA
Nearest major airport
RIC
15 mi · Richmond Intl
Median home value
$346,900
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 3.8% is lower than 74% of the 6,544 measured US ZIP areas.

Employment fell 2.1% over the past year, to 195,907 employed residents.

47% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 86% of measured US ZIP areas.

Household income is higher than at least 87% of measured US ZIP areas.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$7,617$110,499Top 13%of 31,2952024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$3,248$49,401Top 20%of 32,8222024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate4.3%Bottom 16%of 32,9702024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute25.5 minBottom 38%of 32,8872024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher47.3%Top 14%of 33,1932024 ACS 5-Year
Employment195,907Top 23%of 6,544June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-2.1%Bottom 19%of 6,542June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-2.1%Bottom 15%of 6,544June 2026
Labor force203,619Top 23%of 6,544June 2026
Labor force participation65.7%Top 30%of 33,2522024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$68,400Top 45%of 6,0722025 OEWS
Median annual wage$51,460Top 41%of 6,0722025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)0.5%Top 31%of 6,544June 2026
Unemployment rate3.8%Bottom 26%of 6,544June 2026
Median household income, successive ACS releases
2021202220232024110k89k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $110,499 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Richmond, VA
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers17,100$29,500
Retail Salespersons16,210$33,580
General and Operations Managers15,770$108,670
Registered Nurses15,700$93,580
Cashiers14,460$30,350
Stockers and Order Fillers12,300$37,180

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics does not publish labor-force data for ZIP areas. This is the figure for Rockwood, VA, the city containing this ZIP code.

43% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 56% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 13.9 students for every full-time teacher, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
5
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
13.9
across all schools here
Math proficiency
43.1%
Bottom 38% in Virginia
Reading proficiency
55.6%
Bottom 34% in Virginia
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Monacan HighChesterfield County Public Schools1,64416.1
A.M. Davis ElementaryChesterfield County Public Schools70812.429%47%
Providence ElementaryChesterfield County Public Schools68212.445%55%
W.W. Gordon ElementaryChesterfield County Public Schools62816.566%71%
Reams Road ElementaryChesterfield County Public Schools61211.134%51%

66.8% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Virginia’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $1,811 takes 20% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 3.1 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
19.7%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.1×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$1,811
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$346,900
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Home price to income3.14Top 49%of 30,4042024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate84.2%Top 34%of 32,9102024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±51211,207Top 14%of 33,7722024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$168$1,811Top 12%of 26,6182024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$8,072$346,900Top 26%of 30,9412024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income19.7%Top 37%of 26,4702024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate4.0%Bottom 17%of 33,0282024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →

No building-permit activity is published for this location by the Census Building Permits Survey.

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 90°F and January a low of 29°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 45.5 inches, including 8.8 inches of snow.

Air quality measures a median index of 41, in the Good band, and no day in the year passed 100.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station RICHMOND INTL AP, 14.7 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND4.9"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index57.02024 calendar year
Annual precipitation45.5"1991-2020 Normals
Annual snowfall8.8"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low29°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high90°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months71991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 10002024 calendar year
Median air quality index41.02024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing41°F1991-2020 Normals
Air quality
Median air quality index
41
Good on a typical day
Worst tenth of days
57
90th percentile index
Days above 100
0
unhealthy for sensitive groups

A comfortable median and a bad tail are different problems. Wildfire smoke and summer ozone show up in the worst tenth of days, not in the middle of the year.

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today. Air quality is measured rather than modelled, by EPA monitors, and published by county only where a monitor sits — roughly half the counties AreaProfile publishes have one, and the rest show nothing rather than an estimate. Air masses are regional, so a county reading describes the air over a place reasonably well, but it is still the county reading.

Physical risk

76 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are earthquake, hurricane and drought.

EarthquakeElevated
HurricaneModerate
DroughtModerate
Cold waveModerate

Low or minimal exposure: inland flooding, winter weather, heat wave, ice storm, lightning, tornado, strong wind, landslide, coastal flooding, hail, wildfire.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. ZIP values are the land-area-weighted mean of the counties the ZIP Code Tabulation Area intersects. Expected annual loss is not allocated below county level. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Chesterfield County records 5.7 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 15.1 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 10.2 per 100,000 residents in Chesterfield County.

Homicide
5.7
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
15.1
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
10.2
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
13.5
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Chesterfield County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around 23236 rather than 23236 itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 15 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Richmond IntlRIC15 mi9,003 ft
Newport News/Williamsburg IntlPHF65 mi8,003 ft
Washington Dulles IntlIAD102 mi11,500 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar yearAnnually, once a calendar year is complete

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

23236 vs Rockwood

How this ZIP area compares with Rockwood as a whole. Both figures come from the same ACS release, so the comparison is like for like.

23236
Rockwood
Median household income
$110,499
vs
$97,992
Per capita income
$49,401
vs
$46,091
Population density
1,920/sq mi
vs
1,846/sq mi
Median home value
$346,900
vs
$354,400
Median gross rent
$1,811
vs
$1,744
Homeownership rate
84.2%
vs
76.6%
Bachelor's degree or higher
47.3%
vs
49.0%
Poverty rate
4.3%
vs
4.7%
Median age
40.7
vs
39.5

Some demographic statistics use Census ZIP Code Tabulation Areas, which approximate but do not exactly match USPS ZIP delivery geography. See the methodology for how AreaProfile maps between them.