29045 — Columbia, South Carolina

Area Profile

Income, jobs, climate, physical risk and development data for ZIP code 29045. Its median household income runs 57% above Columbia as a whole, which is why this ZIP carries a profile of its own.

70out of 100
Area Score
Top 12% of 3,113 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks

Data updated · 14 sources
OpportunityTop 22% of 3,116 ZIP areas measured69
Schools1,708th of 3,047 ZIP areas measured46
GrowthTop 1% of 3,124 ZIP areas measured90
Housing affordabilityTop 8% of 3,112 ZIP areas measured83
ClimateTop 31% of 3,127 ZIP areas measured75
Physical resilienceTop 47% of 3,127 ZIP areas measured61
Access1,853rd of 3,127 ZIP areas measured90
Economic stabilityTop 42% of 3,127 ZIP areas measured59
The quick read

29045 ranks in the top 22% of ZIP areas measured for employment opportunity, with unemployment at 4.8% and median household income of $87,366. The unemployment rate is published for Columbia, SC, which contains 29045, rather than for 29045 alone.

In the public schools here, 51% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 13.4 students for every teacher.

Development activity is both elevated and accelerating — 3,198 housing units permitted over the past twelve months, up 107% on the prior year. The permit count and 1 other measure here are published for Columbia, SC, which contains 29045, rather than for 29045 alone.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
31,372
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$87,366
Top 29% nationally
Density
462/sq mi
67.9 sq mi of land
Median age
37.7
2024 ACS 5-Year
City
Columbia
South Carolina
Metro area
Nearest major airport
CAE
25 mi · Columbia Metro
Median home value
$266,400
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment across Columbia, SC, which contains 29045, is 4.8% — higher than in all but 35% of the 3,127 measured US ZIP areas.

Employment across Columbia, SC, which contains 29045, grew 2.9% over the past year, to 69,542 employed residents.

33% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 71% of measured US ZIP areas.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Income of new arrivalsKershaw County, SC’s figurefiling years 2022–2023$61,16036th percentileof 2,996filing years 2022–2023
Income of those who leftKershaw County, SC’s figurefiling years 2022–2023$56,52623rd percentileof 2,996filing years 2022–2023
Median household income ±$7,4142024 ACS 5-Year$87,366Top 29%of 31,0492024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$2,5502024 ACS 5-Year$41,771Top 34%of 32,8222024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year11.2%Bottom 45%of 32,8462024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute ±1.6 min2024 ACS 5-Year29.9 minBottom 38%of 32,8872024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year33.2%Top 29%of 33,1932024 ACS 5-Year
Drove alone to work ±4%2024 ACS 5-Year75.1%47th percentileof 32,7982024 ACS 5-Year
EmploymentColumbia, SC’s figureJuly 202669,542Top 38%of 3,127July 2026
Employment change (3 years)Columbia, SC’s figureJuly 2026+5.4%Top 5%of 3,127July 2026
Employment change (year over year)Columbia, SC’s figureJuly 2026+2.9%Top 4%of 3,127July 2026
Labor forceColumbia, SC’s figureJuly 202673,06862nd percentileof 3,127July 2026
Labor force participation ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year83.6%Top 26%of 32,8832024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wageColumbia, SC Metro Area’s figure2025 OEWS$59,030Bottom 18%of 2,7602025 OEWS
Median annual wageColumbia, SC Metro Area’s figure2025 OEWS$46,430Bottom 17%of 2,7602025 OEWS
Public transit to work ±0.0%2024 ACS 5-Year0.0%60th percentileof 32,7982024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)Columbia, SC’s figureJuly 2026−0.9%Top 12%of 3,127July 2026
Unemployment rateColumbia, SC’s figureJuly 20264.8%Bottom 35%of 3,127July 2026
Worked from home ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year15.5%74th percentileof 32,7982024 ACS 5-Year

Median household income, successive ACS releases

202120222023202487k65k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $87,366 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

Largest occupations — Columbia, SC

OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers11,640$27,170
Retail Salespersons10,860$29,540
Customer Service Representatives10,430$37,430
Stockers and Order Fillers9,470$37,180
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand9,410$37,530
Registered Nurses9,400$81,920

Searches the 40 largest occupations here that have a published wage.

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics does not publish labor-force data for ZIP areas. This is the figure for Columbia, SC, the city containing this ZIP code.

51% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 47% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 13.4 students for every full-time teacher across 6 public schools, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
6
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
13.4
across all schools here
Math proficiency
50.7%
Bottom 46% in South Carolina
Reading proficiency
46.9%
Bottom 25% in South Carolina
All 6 public schools on record, largest first.
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Pontiac ElementaryRichland 0288013.844%41%
Blaney ElementaryKershaw 0175014.248%41%
Leslie M. Stover MiddleKershaw 0166215.039%44%
Catawba Trail ElementaryRichland 0263612.763%51%
Bridge Creek ElementaryRichland 0256412.356%49%
Bookman Road ElementaryRichland 0253512.460%61%

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data, placed by ZIP code — which schools are in this place, not which one a particular address is zoned for. A dash in a proficiency column is a gap in the federal file, not a bad result. Proficiency is measured against South Carolina’s own standard, so it is ranked within state. How to read school figures.

Prices for everything a household buys run about 7% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 93.2, against 100 for the nation. Nationally, housing drives most of the spread between places in this index; other goods vary far less.

The Federal Housing Finance Agency’s house price index for the Columbia, SC Metro Area is up 52% over five years, and up 3.6% over the last year. It follows repeat sales of the same homes, so it measures price change rather than which homes happened to sell.

Homeowners here who pay a tax bill pay a median of $1,491 a year in real estate taxes, about 0.56% of the median home value.

HUD’s Fair Market Rent for a two-bedroom, set near the 40th percentile of recent new leases, is $1,009, below the $1,321 tenants already here pay.

At HUD’s Fair Market Rent of $1,009 a month for a two-bedroom, keeping rent to 30% of income takes a household income of about $40,400 a year, about 46% of the median household income here of $87,366.

The typical renter household here spends 25% of its income on rent, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened. Median gross rent runs $1,321 a month.

A median home at $266,400 costs 2.8 times the median income of its owner-occupied households, $94,766, close to the historic benchmark for an affordable market.

Cost of living
93.2

Prices here run about 7% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Published for the Columbia, SC Metro Area as a whole. Prices are regional — people shop, commute and rent across a metropolitan area rather than within a city boundary — so this describes the cost of living around this place better than a figure drawn to its own limits would.

Rent as a share of income
25.4%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
2.8×
median home value ÷ owner household income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,009
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,321
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$266,400
2024 ACS 5-Year

The figures above are measured against 29045’s median household income of $87,366, which describes the place rather than you. Enter your own and the ratio is recomputed against it. It stays in this browser.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living indexthe Columbia, SC Metro Area’s figure202393.2Top 29%of 2,7372023
Home price change (1 year)the Columbia, SC Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+3.6%61st percentileof 3,0712026 Q2
Home price change (5 years)the Columbia, SC Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+51.6%80th percentileof 3,0712026 Q2
Home price change (10 years)the Columbia, SC Metro Area’s figure2026 Q2+102.2%61st percentileof 3,0712026 Q2
Home price to income ±0.32024 ACS 5-Year2.8Bottom 46%of 29,2752024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate ±3%2024 ACS 5-Year85.2%69th percentileof 32,7502024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±5832024 ACS 5-Year12,31288th percentileof 33,4602024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroomFY2026$849Top 13%of 3,031FY2026
Market rent, three bedroomFY2026$1,214Top 4%of 3,031FY2026
Market rent, two bedroomFY2026$1,009Top 10%of 3,031FY2026
Median gross rent ±$2202024 ACS 5-Year$1,321Bottom 29%of 26,3962024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$14,0042024 ACS 5-Year$266,40061st percentileof 30,8122024 ACS 5-Year
Median property taxes ±$1022024 ACS 5-Year$1,49136th percentileof 28,9352024 ACS 5-Year
Owner household income ±$9,4482024 ACS 5-Year$94,766Top 35%of 29,8022024 ACS 5-Year
Property tax rate ±0.05%2024 ACS 5-Year0.56%18th percentileof 24,0992024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income ±10%2024 ACS 5-Year25.4%Top 34%of 26,2472024 ACS 5-Year
Seasonal and second homes ±302024 ACS 5-Year01st percentileof 33,7722024 ACS 5-Year
Second homes2024 ACS 5-Year0.0%1st percentileof 32,9612024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate2024 ACS 5-Year5.1%38th percentileof 32,7882024 ACS 5-Year
Vacant housing units ±3092024 ACS 5-Year63278th percentileof 33,7722024 ACS 5-Year

These measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with. They compare housing cost with local earnings only: transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not in them. How to read affordability, the two rent figures and the cost-of-living index.

Development Momentum

90/ 100
Top 1% of 3,124 published ZIP profiles

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

73% of the 3,198 units permitted over the past twelve months are in buildings of five or more homes, so new supply is concentrated in apartments and condominiums rather than detached houses. The multifamily share is published for Columbia, SC, which contains 29045, rather than for 29045 alone.

At 22.9 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US ZIP areas. The permit rate is published for Columbia, SC, which contains 29045, rather than for 29045 alone.

Units permitted
3,198
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
22.9
Top 2% nationally
Year over year
+107%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
73.1%
units in 5+ unit buildings

People moving in and out

Net migration
+2.6%
of residents, in a year
Arrivals from another state
41%
of people moving in
Income of arrivals
$61,160
average per tax return
Income of those who left
$56,526
average per tax return

Where newcomers came from

  1. Richland County, SC 1,412 people · 30% of arrivals
  2. Lancaster County, SC 227 people · 4.8% of arrivals
  3. Lexington County, SC 226 people · 4.8% of arrivals
  4. Sumter County, SC 146 people · 3.1% of arrivals
  5. Lee County, SC 99 people · 2.1% of arrivals

Where people who left went

  1. Richland County, SC 821 people · 25% of departures
  2. Lexington County, SC 195 people · 6.0% of departures
  3. Sumter County, SC 149 people · 4.6% of departures
  4. Lancaster County, SC 135 people · 4.2% of departures
  5. Lee County, SC 73 people · 2.3% of departures

Based on the address on federal tax returns, compared with the same filers a year earlier. It counts people who file, and sees a move only when the address on a return changes. Domestic moves only: people arriving from abroad are left out. This is the figure for Kershaw County, SC. IRS Statistics of Income, filing years 2022–2023.

The Building Permits Survey is not published for ZIP areas. This is the figure for Columbia, SC, the city containing this ZIP code.

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 93°F and January a low of 37°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 43.7 inches.

30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station COLUMBIA OWENS DWTN AP, 18.4 miles from this location.

Precipitation

JFMAMJJASOND4.8"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation1991-2020 Normals43.7"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low1991-2020 Normals37°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high1991-2020 Normals93°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months1991-2020 Normals71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing1991-2020 Normals36°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. How to read climate and air quality.

Physical risk

61 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, hurricane and tornado, with inland flooding alone responsible for 41% of it. Inland flooding is independently rated low or minimal nationally, so this describes how the loss is composed, not how large that hazard is.

HurricaneElevated
Ice stormModerate
EarthquakeElevated
TornadoModerate
LightningModerate
LandslideModerate

Low or minimal exposure: strong wind, heat wave, inland flooding, wildfire, cold wave, hail, winter weather, drought, tsunami, volcanic activity, coastal flooding, avalanche.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. ZIP values are the land-area-weighted mean of the counties the ZIP Code Tabulation Area intersects. Expected annual loss is not allocated below county level. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offenses — they say nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Homicide
7.3
per 100,000 residents · modeled, not measured
Firearm deaths, all intents
14.3
per 100,000 residents
Drug overdose
25.7
per 100,000 residents
Suicide
17.2
per 100,000 residents

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides, so the firearm figure and the homicide figure above it count some of the same deaths twice over. They overlap and should not be added together.

Death rates are crude rates — deaths divided by population, not adjusted for age — except where a count was too small for the CDC to publish and it modeled the rate, which the card marks. They come from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC by county and not below it. So they describe the county around 29045 (Kershaw County) rather than 29045 itself. They are shown and not scored. How to read death rates.

What this profile does not cover

Each of these is absent for a reason, not by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them; the weighting is on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. A ZIP area is not a jurisdiction, so no department reports for one. Columbia carries the figure where its department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Air quality
The EPA publishes an air-quality index only where a monitor sits. There is none in this county, and a modeled value would be a different kind of number from the measured ones everywhere else on this page.
Taxes
Income and sales taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Property taxes are shown in the housing section but are not part of the score. The cost-of-living index above is a price level for all consumption, not a household budget, and it excludes taxes. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house.

Access

5 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Columbia Metro at 25 miles.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Broadband access ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year94.1%Top 25%of 32,6632024 ACS 5-Year
Distance to major airportNASR current cycle25 miBottom 37%of 3,127NASR current cycle
Major airports within 100 milesNASR current cycle5Top 44%of 3,127NASR current cycle
No internet access ±2%2024 ACS 5-Year3.8%Top 25%of 32,6632024 ACS 5-Year
AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Columbia MetroCAE25 mi8,601 ft
Charlotte/Douglas IntlCLT72 mi10,000 ft
Augusta Rgnl At Bush FldAGS87 mi8,001 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
70
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource period
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)
Demographics, IncomeInternal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
U.S. Population Migration Data (county to county)
filing years 2022–2023
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 Normals
HousingU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWS
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
July 2026
Access, Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-Year
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimate
SafetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
March 2025 to February 2026; May 2025 to April 2026
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2018-19 school year; 2024-25 school year
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026
HousingU.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency
House Price Index (traditional, all-transactions)
2026 Q2
Current conditionsNOAA National Weather Service
National Weather Service current conditions
Live observation, read when the page opens

Profile recalculated October 8, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology, or every source with how often each updates.

29045 vs Columbia

How this ZIP area compares with Columbia as a whole. Both figures come from the same ACS release, so the comparison is like for like — a gap here is a real difference between the two places, not two surveys disagreeing.

29045
Columbia
Median household income: 29045 is the more favorable of the two.
Median household income
$87,366
vs
$55,529
Per capita income: 29045 is the more favorable of the two.
Per capita income
$41,771
vs
$39,058
Population density
462/sq mi
vs
1,008/sq mi
Median home value
$266,400
vs
$264,300
Median gross rent: Columbia is the more favorable of the two.
Median gross rent
$1,321
vs
$1,204
Homeownership rate
85.2%
vs
45.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher: Columbia is the more favorable of the two.
Bachelor's degree or higher
33.2%
vs
45.9%
Poverty rate: 29045 is the more favorable of the two.
Poverty rate
11.2%
vs
18.8%
Median age
37.7
vs
28.6

Some demographic statistics use Census ZIP Code Tabulation Areas, which approximate but do not exactly match USPS ZIP delivery geography. See the methodology for how AreaProfile maps between them.