Flagstaff, AZ

Metro Area Profile

144,508 residents. Jobs, income, development, climate and physical risk across the Flagstaff, AZ metropolitan area.

40out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 1% of 379 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Opportunity353rd of 379 published metros30
Growth653rd of 821 published metros31
Housing affordability789th of 822 published metros57
Climate695th of 822 published metros56
Physical resilience739th of 822 published metros21
AccessTop 31% of 822 published metros87
Economic stability594th of 822 published metros36
The quick read

Employment conditions sit below most comparable published metro profiles: unemployment is 6.0% and the Opportunity signal places Flagstaff in the bottom 7%.

Residential permitting has slowed: 425 units authorized over the past twelve months, 42% below the prior year.

Physical-risk exposure is above the national median, driven mainly by inland flooding, wildfire and earthquake.

At a glance

Population
144,508
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$72,966
Top 33% nationally
Density
8/sq mi
18616.4 sq mi of land
Median age
32.8
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Metro area
Flagstaff, AZ
Nearest major airport
GCN
23 mi · Grand Canyon Ntl Park
Median home value
$448,000
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 6.0% is lower than 6% of the 379 measured US metros.

Employment fell 7.8% over the past year, to 68,358 employed residents.

40% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 90% of measured US metros.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$2,339$72,966Top 33%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,278$38,920Top 32%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate16.8%Top 25%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute20.4 minBottom 15%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher40.3%Top 10%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment68,358Bottom 26%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-4.7%Bottom 6%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-7.8%Bottom 1%June 2026
Labor force72,690Bottom 27%June 2026
Labor force participation62.4%Top 34%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$61,230Top 46%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$47,500Bottom 47%2025 OEWS
Metro employment66,610Bottom 30%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)1.1%Top 3%June 2026
Unemployment rate6.0%Top 6%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/067.43.3
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 6.0% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Largest occupations — Flagstaff, AZ
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Fast Food and Counter Workers2,790$33,690
Waiters and Waitresses2,210$37,080
General and Operations Managers2,180$77,740
Retail Salespersons2,150$36,440
Cashiers2,120$35,810
Registered Nurses1,570$100,780

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $1,473 takes 24% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 6.1 times median household income here, well above the historic benchmark, at a level conventionally described as seriously unaffordable.

Rent as a share of income
24.2%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
6.1×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$1,473
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$448,000
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income6.14Top 6%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate59.7%Bottom 7%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±15670,645Top 30%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$62$1,473Top 10%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$17,022$448,000Top 8%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income24.2%Top 5%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate22.0%Top 10%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
31/ 100
Ranks 653 of 821 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing, measured from 2024 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has been broadly flat since 2020, at 145,161 in 2024.

At 2.9 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US metros.

Units permitted
425
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.9
Top 45% nationally
Year over year
−42%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
20202021202220232024145k143k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.

Weather & climate

4 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 85°F and January a low of 16°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 13.4 inches.

0°20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station GRAND CANYON NP AP, 22.8 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND2.1"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation13.4"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low16°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high85°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months41991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing38°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

21 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are inland flooding, wildfire and earthquake.

WildfireHigh
LandslideModerate
Inland floodingModerate
EarthquakeElevated
Volcanic activityModerate

Low or minimal exposure: lightning, winter weather, avalanche, cold wave, heat wave, ice storm, hail, drought, tornado, strong wind.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. This value is the population-weighted mean of all component counties; expected annual loss is their sum. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 23 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Grand Canyon Ntl ParkGCN23 mi8,999 ft
Flagstaff PulliamFLG48 mi8,800 ft
St George RgnlSGU128 mi9,300 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

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