31204Macon-Bibb County, Georgia

Area Profile

Income, jobs, climate, physical risk and development data for ZIP code 31204.

55out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 33% of 5,298 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Opportunity3903rd of 6,210 published ZIP areas49
Schools4069th of 4,422 published ZIP areas18
Growth3641st of 5,428 published ZIP areas40
Housing affordability4527th of 6,685 published ZIP areas68
ClimateTop 31% of 6,789 published ZIP areas75
Physical resilienceTop 12% of 6,709 published ZIP areas88
Access6503rd of 6,791 published ZIP areas52
Economic stability6525th of 6,742 published ZIP areas21
The quick read

Unemployment is 4.6% and median household income $38,784, putting employment conditions in the middle range of published ZIP profiles.

In the public schools here, 7% of students met the state standard in mathematics, with 13.6 students for every teacher.

Natural-hazard exposure is lower than in most comparable published ZIP profiles, placing 31204 in the top 12% for physical resilience.

At a glance

Population
32,421
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$38,784
Bottom 5% nationally
Density
2,223/sq mi
14.6 sq mi of land
Median age
34.1
2024 ACS 5-Year
City
Macon-Bibb County
Georgia
Metro area
Macon-Bibb County, GA
Nearest major airport
ATL
70 mi · Hartsfield/Jackson Atlanta Intl
Median home value
$135,300
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.6% is lower than 43% of the 6,544 measured US ZIP areas.

Employment grew 1.2% over the past year, to 61,319 employed residents.

Median household income of $38,784 is below 95% of measured US ZIP areas.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$4,207$38,784Bottom 5%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,903$25,036Bottom 13%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate31.7%Top 6%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute22.7 minBottom 23%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher20.7%Bottom 43%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment61,319Top 46%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)1.4%Top 31%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)1.2%Top 10%June 2026
Labor force64,245Top 46%June 2026
Labor force participation55.0%Bottom 31%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$56,400Bottom 8%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$45,160Bottom 8%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)0.0%Bottom 47%June 2026
Unemployment rate4.6%Top 43%June 2026
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202440k37k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $38,784 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Macon-Bibb County, GA
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Registered Nurses3,100$85,070
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand3,070$37,140
Fast Food and Counter Workers2,920$25,000
Retail Salespersons2,800$28,820
Cashiers2,300$27,820
General and Operations Managers1,910$90,500

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics does not publish labor-force data for ZIP areas. This is the figure for Macon-Bibb County, GA, the city containing this ZIP code.

7% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 13% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 13.6 students for every full-time teacher, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
12
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
13.6
across all schools here
Math proficiency
7.0%
Bottom 2% in Georgia
Reading proficiency
13.3%
Bottom 6% in Georgia
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
Central High SchoolBibb County89215.6
Veterans Elementary SchoolBibb County71514.33%11%
John Robert Lewis Elementary SchoolBibb County71215.14%7%
Ballard Hudson Middle SchoolBibb County67115.33%12%
Miller Magnet Middle SchoolBibb County61412.812%27%
Rosa Taylor Elementary SchoolBibb County58314.211%19%
Vineville AcademyBibb County47914.116%26%
Ingram/Pye Elementary SchoolBibb County45014.15%5%
Cirrus Charter Academy · charterState Specialty Schools II- Cirrus Charter Academy42917.99%6%
Hartley Elementary SchoolBibb County38512.84%4%
Georgia Academy for the BlindState Schools1002.9
Price AcademyBibb County144.7

70.1% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Georgia’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $961 takes 30% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 3.5 times median household income here, above the historic benchmark of about three times income.

Rent as a share of income
29.7%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
3.5×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$961
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$135,300
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income3.49Top 39%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate42.5%Bottom 6%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±59215,332Top 8%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$51$961Bottom 45%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$14,983$135,300Bottom 22%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income29.7%Top 6%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate17.0%Top 33%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
40/ 100
Ranks 3641 of 5,428 published city profiles

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 0% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 0.9 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US ZIP areas.

Units permitted
137
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
0.9
Bottom 22% nationally
Year over year
−8%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
0.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings

The Building Permits Survey is not published for ZIP areas. This is the figure for Macon-Bibb County, GA, the city containing this ZIP code.

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 94°F and January a low of 36°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 46.9 inches.

Air quality measures a median index of 51, in the Moderate band, and about 2 days a year pass 100, the threshold at which the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station MACON MIDDLE GA RGNL AP, 11.4 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND4.8"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
90th percentile air quality index65.02024 calendar year
Annual precipitation46.9"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low36°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high94°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months71991-2020 Normals
Days above AQI 10022024 calendar year
Median air quality index51.02024 calendar year
Seasonal temperature swing35°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

88 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are tornado, hurricane and earthquake.

LightningModerate
TornadoModerate
HurricaneModerate
EarthquakeModerate
LandslideModerate
DroughtModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, hail, strong wind, inland flooding, wildfire, ice storm, cold wave, winter weather.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. ZIP values are the land-area-weighted mean of the counties the ZIP Code Tabulation Area intersects. Expected annual loss is not allocated below county level. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Bibb County records 22.4 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, higher than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 30.0 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 21.7 per 100,000 residents in Bibb County.

Homicide
22.4
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
30.0
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
21.7
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
11.5
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Bibb County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around 31204 rather than 31204 itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

1 major airport lies within 100 miles, the nearest 70 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Hartsfield/Jackson Atlanta IntlATL70 mi12,390 ft
Augusta Rgnl At Bush FldAGS105 mi8,001 ft
Valdosta RgnlVLD145 mi8,003 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them
ClimateU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality System
Daily Air Quality Index by county
2024 calendar yearAnnually, once a calendar year is complete

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

31204 vs Macon-Bibb County

How this ZIP area compares with Macon-Bibb County as a whole. Both figures come from the same ACS release, so the comparison is like for like.

31204
Macon-Bibb County
Median household income
$38,784
vs
$51,234
Per capita income
$25,036
vs
$31,699
Population density
2,223/sq mi
vs
628/sq mi
Median home value
$135,300
vs
$174,500
Median gross rent
$961
vs
$1,066
Homeownership rate
42.5%
vs
51.4%
Bachelor's degree or higher
20.7%
vs
26.3%
Poverty rate
31.7%
vs
24.7%
Median age
34.1
vs
36.8

Some demographic statistics use Census ZIP Code Tabulation Areas, which approximate but do not exactly match USPS ZIP delivery geography. See the methodology for how AreaProfile maps between them.