Union County, AR

County Profile

37,900 residents. Safety, jobs, income, housing cost, climate and natural-hazard risk for Union County, AR.

Several figures AreaProfile publishes are measured by county and nowhere finer — death rates by intent among them. On this page those describe the geography they are printed on, which is not true of the city and ZIP pages that inherit them.

54out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 20% of 1,225 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Opportunity1074th of 1,255 counties36
Growth1182nd of 1,226 counties18
Housing affordabilityTop 27% of 1,255 counties99
ClimateTop 44% of 1,254 counties70
Physical resilienceTop 45% of 1,255 counties65
Access1167th of 1,255 counties46
Economic stability1162nd of 1,255 counties28
The quick read

Employment conditions sit below most comparable published profiles: unemployment is 5.0% and the Opportunity signal places Union County in the bottom 14%.

17 housing units were authorized over the past twelve months, within 6% of the prior year — steady rather than turning.

Rent takes 18% of median household income here, below the 30% threshold conventionally called cost-burdened, and the median home is 2.2 times that income.

At a glance

Population
37,900
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$55,259
Bottom 24% nationally
Density
36/sq mi
1039.1 sq mi of land
Median age
41.4
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Union County
Arkansas
Metro area
El Dorado, AR
Nearest major airport
SHV
87 mi · Shreveport Rgnl
Median home value
$120,900
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 5.0% is lower than 22% of the 1,255 measured US locations.

Employment grew 0.9% over the past year, to 15,216 employed residents.

Median household income of $55,259 is below 76% of measured US locations.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$4,567$55,259Bottom 24%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,883$30,883Bottom 29%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate19.5%Top 18%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute21.3 minBottom 21%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher19.1%Bottom 33%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment15,216Bottom 13%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-2.5%Bottom 17%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)0.9%Top 17%June 2026
Labor force16,019Bottom 13%June 2026
Labor force participation56.2%Bottom 37%2024 ACS 5-Year
Unemployment change (year over year)-0.5%Bottom 16%June 2026
Unemployment rate5.0%Top 22%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/066.73.6
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 5.0% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202455k46k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $55,259 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.

There are 10.9 students for every full-time teacher, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
16
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
10.9
across all schools here
Math proficiency
Reading proficiency
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
EL DORADO HIGH SCHOOLEL DORADO SCHOOL DISTRICT1,2359.3
WASHINGTON MIDDLE SCHOOLEL DORADO SCHOOL DISTRICT58113.5
YOCUM ELEMENTARY SCHOOLEL DORADO SCHOOL DISTRICT58015.7
BARTON JR. HIGH SCHOOLEL DORADO SCHOOL DISTRICT54012.0
SMACKOVER ELEMENTARY SCHOOLSMACKOVER NORPHLET SCHOOL DISTRICT52318.0
HUGH GOODWIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLEL DORADO SCHOOL DISTRICT50821.2
PARKERS CHAPEL ELEMENTARY SCHOOLPARKERS CHAPEL SCHOOL DISTRICT49117.5
NORTHWEST ELEMENTARY SCHOOLEL DORADO SCHOOL DISTRICT47716.4
JUNCTION CITY ELEMENTARY SCHOOLJUNCTION CITY SCHOOL DISTRICT35612.7
PARKERS CHAPEL HIGH SCHOOLPARKERS CHAPEL SCHOOL DISTRICT3565.7
SMACKOVER HIGH SCHOOLSMACKOVER NORPHLET SCHOOL DISTRICT3475.3
NORPHLET MIDDLE SCHOOLSMACKOVER NORPHLET SCHOOL DISTRICT33814.1

64.0% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Arkansas’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $847 takes 18% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 2.2 times median household income here, close to the historic benchmark for an affordable market.

Rent as a share of income
18.4%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
2.2×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$847
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$120,900
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income2.19Bottom 16%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate72.7%Bottom 41%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±3818,649Top 38%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$37$847Bottom 45%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$7,707$120,900Bottom 17%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income18.4%Top 34%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate19.6%Top 29%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
18/ 100
Ranks 1182 of 1,226 published city profiles
Permitting is decreasing, measured from 2022 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has fallen 5% since 2020, reaching 37,008 in 2024.

Permitting has turned downward after moving the other way the year before.

New construction is predominantly single-family: only 0% of permitted units are in buildings of five or more homes.

At 0.4 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US locations.

Units permitted
17
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
0.4
Bottom 5% nationally
Year over year
−6%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
0.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
2020202120222023202439k37k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.
Housing units permitted per year
20222023202420252017
Annual totals from the Census Building Permits Survey. Permitting in 2025 was higher than 2022 (+12%).

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 94°F and January a low of 34°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 52.1 inches.

20°40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station EL DORADO S AR RGNL AP, 13.0 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND5.6"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation52.1"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low34°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high94°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months61991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing38°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

65 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are ice storm, earthquake and strong wind.

Ice stormHigh
Strong windModerate
EarthquakeElevated
LightningModerate
HurricaneModerate
LandslideModerate
Winter weatherModerate
Cold waveModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, tornado, hail, inland flooding, drought, wildfire.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA National Risk Index county record. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Union County records 10.8 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, higher than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 29.4 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 14.1 per 100,000 residents in Union County.

Homicide
10.8
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
29.4
per 100,000 residents
Drug overdose
14.1
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
18.4
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Union County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around Union County rather than Union County itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 87 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Shreveport RgnlSHV87 mi8,348 ft
Greenville Mid-DeltaGLH96 mi8,001 ft
Bill and Hillary Clinton Ntl/Adams FldLIT110 mi8,273 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
54
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

Cities in Union County, AR