78666San Marcos, Texas

Area Profile

Income, jobs, climate, physical risk and development data for ZIP code 78666.

59out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 46% of 5,298 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
OpportunityTop 38% of 6,210 published ZIP areas61
Schools3545th of 4,422 published ZIP areas28
GrowthTop 21% of 5,428 published ZIP areas66
Housing affordability5893rd of 6,685 published ZIP areas49
ClimateTop 45% of 6,789 published ZIP areas71
Physical resilienceTop 37% of 6,709 published ZIP areas69
Access4845th of 6,791 published ZIP areas85
Economic stability4920th of 6,742 published ZIP areas46
The quick read

Unemployment is 4.4% and median household income $54,737, putting employment conditions in the middle range of published ZIP profiles.

Residential permitting has slowed: 663 units authorized over the past twelve months, 38% below the prior year.

Buying strains local incomes far more than renting does — the median home is 5.6 times median household income, against a historic benchmark near three — while rent takes 29% of it.

At a glance

Population
88,583
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$54,737
Bottom 21% nationally
Density
461/sq mi
192.4 sq mi of land
Median age
26.9
2024 ACS 5-Year
City
San Marcos
Texas
Metro area
Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX
Nearest major airport
AUS
29 mi · Austin-Bergstrom Intl
Median home value
$306,700
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 4.4% is lower than 52% of the 6,544 measured US ZIP areas.

Employment grew 0.2% over the past year, to 44,826 employed residents.

36% of adults hold a four-year degree, higher than 74% of measured US ZIP areas.

Median household income of $54,737 is below 79% of measured US ZIP areas.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$3,230$54,737Bottom 21%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$1,493$29,465Bottom 25%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate23.8%Top 12%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute27.8 minTop 50%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher35.7%Top 26%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment44,826Bottom 44%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)6.9%Top 2%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)0.2%Top 26%June 2026
Labor force46,885Bottom 44%June 2026
Labor force participation65.4%Top 31%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$74,580Top 25%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$56,950Top 24%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)0.8%Top 11%June 2026
Unemployment rate4.4%Bottom 48%June 2026
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202455k45k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $54,737 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
General and Operations Managers42,190$117,850
Fast Food and Counter Workers35,000$29,310
Customer Service Representatives32,690$43,720
Software Developers31,960$134,120
Retail Salespersons29,660$33,860
Stockers and Order Fillers27,430$37,720

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics does not publish labor-force data for ZIP areas. This is the figure for San Marcos, TX, the city containing this ZIP code.

20% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 33% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 14.1 students for every full-time teacher, fewer than in most measured places.

Public schools
14
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
14.1
across all schools here
Math proficiency
19.8%
Bottom 10% in Texas
Reading proficiency
32.7%
Bottom 26% in Texas
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
SAN MARCOS H SSAN MARCOS CISD2,37114.9
MILLER MIDDLESAN MARCOS CISD89614.721%42%
GOODNIGHT MIDDLESAN MARCOS CISD88415.59%29%
BLANCO VISTA ELHAYS CISD78714.834%42%
DEZAVALA ELSAN MARCOS CISD58413.314%24%
BOWIE ELSAN MARCOS CISD58014.517%29%
HERNANDEZ ELSAN MARCOS CISD57714.131%45%
MENDEZ ELSAN MARCOS CISD53312.16%17%
CROCKETT ELSAN MARCOS CISD47712.925%42%
RODRIGUEZ ELSAN MARCOS CISD44513.120%31%
TRAVIS ELSAN MARCOS CISD44013.328%25%
BONHAM PRE-K SCHOOLSAN MARCOS CISD38017.3

75.2% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Texas’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $1,319 takes 29% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 5.6 times median household income here, well above the historic benchmark, at a level conventionally described as seriously unaffordable.

Rent as a share of income
28.9%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
5.6×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$1,319
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$306,700
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income5.60Top 12%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate38.1%Bottom 5%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±85636,580Top 1%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$39$1,319Top 29%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$19,023$306,700Top 32%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income28.9%Top 7%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate7.2%Bottom 34%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
66/ 100
Top 21% of 5,428 published city profiles

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

At 9.4 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US ZIP areas.

Units permitted
663
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
9.4
Top 13% nationally
Year over year
−38%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
units in 5+ unit buildings

The Building Permits Survey is not published for ZIP areas. This is the figure for San Marcos, TX, the city containing this ZIP code.

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 96°F and January a low of 40°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 31.3 inches.

30°50°70°90°110°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station AUSTIN SAN ANTONIO, 12.6 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND3.6"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation31.3"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low40°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high96°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing33°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

69 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are hail, strong wind and wildfire.

HailElevated
WildfireModerate
Strong windModerate
DroughtModerate

Low or minimal exposure: tornado, inland flooding, lightning, winter weather, heat wave, cold wave, hurricane, ice storm, landslide, earthquake.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. ZIP values are the land-area-weighted mean of the counties the ZIP Code Tabulation Area intersects. Expected annual loss is not allocated below county level. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offences. AreaProfile does not publish reported crime, and this is not a substitute for it — it says nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Hays County records 2.3 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, lower than most counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 11.1 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 9.3 per 100,000 residents in Hays County.

Homicide
2.3
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
11.1
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
9.3
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
12.1
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Hays County as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city centre and a suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around 78666 rather than 78666 itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source for reported offences with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. What is published above under Safety is a different measurement — deaths rather than offences, from death certificates rather than police returns — and it covers no property crime at all.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

3 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest 29 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Austin-Bergstrom IntlAUS29 mi12,250 ft
San Antonio IntlSAT38 mi8,505 ft
Victoria RgnlVCT96 mi9,111 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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59
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
safetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April, 2025 to March, 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
schoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

78666 vs San Marcos

How this ZIP area compares with San Marcos as a whole. Both figures come from the same ACS release, so the comparison is like for like.

78666
San Marcos
Median household income
$54,737
vs
$51,281
Per capita income
$29,465
vs
$27,545
Population density
461/sq mi
vs
1,776/sq mi
Median home value
$306,700
vs
$310,400
Median gross rent
$1,319
vs
$1,322
Homeownership rate
38.1%
vs
30.8%
Bachelor's degree or higher
35.7%
vs
38.3%
Poverty rate
23.8%
vs
26.9%
Median age
26.9
vs
25.5

Some demographic statistics use Census ZIP Code Tabulation Areas, which approximate but do not exactly match USPS ZIP delivery geography. See the methodology for how AreaProfile maps between them.