AreaProfile

Brownsville-Harlingen, TX

Metro Area Profile

426,120 residents. Jobs, income, development, climate and physical risk across the Brownsville-Harlingen, TX metropolitan area.

52
Area Score
Bottom 12% of 379 published profiles

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Opportunity360th of 379 published metros26
GrowthTop 26% of 821 published metros65
Housing affordability440th of 822 published metros94
ClimateTop 15% of 822 published metros76
Physical resilience744th of 822 published metros21
AccessTop 28% of 822 published metros88
Economic stability709th of 822 published metros23
The quick read

Employment conditions sit below most comparable published metro profiles: unemployment is 7.3% and the Opportunity signal places Brownsville-Harlingen in the bottom 5%.

Physical-risk exposure is above the national median, driven mainly by hurricane, cold wave and hail.

A major airport is 14 miles away, giving the area unusually direct access to the national air network.

At a glance

Population
426,120
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$52,601
Bottom 10% nationally
Density
478/sq mi
891.7 sq mi of land
Median age
32.7
2024 ACS 5-Year
County
Metro area
Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
Nearest major airport
HRL
14 mi · Valley Intl
Median home value
$136,500
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 7.3% is lower than 3% of the 379 measured US metros.

Employment fell 0.8% over the past year, to 175,414 employed residents.

Median household income of $52,601 is below 90% of measured US metros.

MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Median household income ±$1,632$52,601Bottom 10%2024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$545$24,089Bottom 2%2024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate24.8%Top 4%2024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute22.9 minBottom 36%2024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher22.1%Bottom 37%2024 ACS 5-Year
Employment175,414Top 38%June 2026
Employment change (3 years)0.4%Top 48%June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-0.8%Bottom 47%June 2026
Labor force189,158Top 36%June 2026
Labor force participation58.0%Bottom 35%2024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$47,110Bottom 1%2025 OEWS
Median annual wage$36,490Bottom 1%2025 OEWS
Metro employment157,450Top 38%2025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)-0.5%Bottom 16%June 2026
Unemployment rate7.3%Top 3%June 2026
Unemployment rate
2021/062022/032022/122023/092024/062025/032025/102026/068.94.8
Monthly unemployment rate from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, most recent value 7.3% in June 2026. A break in the line is a month the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish for this area — it is left empty rather than estimated.
Largest occupations — Brownsville-Harlingen, TX
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Home Health and Personal Care Aides21,990$23,500
Fast Food and Counter Workers6,570$22,500
Customer Service Representatives4,880$38,350
Retail Salespersons3,820$27,780
General and Operations Managers3,440$75,350
Cashiers3,420$26,250

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Median rent of $912 takes 21% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home costs 2.6 times median household income here, close to the historic benchmark for an affordable market.

Rent as a share of income
20.8%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
2.6×
median home value ÷ median income
Median gross rent
$912
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$136,500
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared with peersSource period
Home price to income2.60Bottom 19%2024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate65.2%Bottom 24%2024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±95159,679Top 16%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median gross rent ±$25$912Bottom 37%2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$3,909$136,500Bottom 10%2024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income20.8%Top 22%2024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate13.3%Top 38%2024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
65/ 100
Top 26% of 821 published city profiles
Permitting is increasing, measured from 2024 to 2025.

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

Population has grown 2% since 2020, reaching 431,874 in 2024.

At 6.2 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is above the median for measured US metros.

Units permitted
2,631
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
6.2
Top 18% nationally
Year over year
+1%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
28.1%
units in 5+ unit buildings
Population, annual estimates
20202021202220232024432k422k
Census Population Estimates Program, July 1 of each year. These annual estimates are designed for year-over-year comparison, unlike the ACS five-year figure shown as this profile's population.

Weather & climate

7 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 92°F and January a low of 52°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 23.3 inches.

40°60°80°100°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station PORT ISABEL CAMERON AP, 9.3 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND5.3"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation23.3"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low52°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high92°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months71991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing24°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

21 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are hurricane, cold wave and hail.

Cold waveModerate
HurricaneElevated
HailModerate
LightningModerate

Low or minimal exposure: heat wave, ice storm, inland flooding, strong wind, winter weather, tornado, wildfire, drought, coastal flooding, earthquake, landslide.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. This value is the population-weighted mean of all component counties; expected annual loss is their sum. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

What this profile does not cover

Three things people look for are missing from every AreaProfile page, and each is missing for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Crime
The FBI’s Crime Data Explorer is the only source with national coverage and a published method, and it requires an API key AreaProfile does not hold. Arrest counts, news volume and commercial “safety scores” are not substituted in the meantime. Reported crime is also easy to misread: agency participation varies year to year, and a city that draws a large daytime workforce carries incidents its residents did not generate.
Taxes
No tax dataset has met the source admission test for coverage, transparent methodology and update cadence. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Full cost of living
No public source publishes one with national coverage and a documented method. Housing affordability above is computed from published rent, price and income, and excludes transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes — commuting cost in particular tends to offset suburban housing savings.

Access

1 major airport lies within 100 miles, the nearest 14 miles away.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Valley IntlHRL14 mi9,400 ft
Laredo IntlLRD158 mi8,743 ft
Victoria RgnlVCT193 mi9,111 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)

Profile recalculated August 29, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.