Signals
31904
40391
Opportunity: 31904 is the more favorable of the two.
Opportunity
60 · Top 39%
vs48 · Bottom 35%
Climate: 40391 is the more favorable of the two.
Climate
72 · Top 43%
vs74 · Top 32%
Physical resilience: 31904 is the more favorable of the two.
Physical resilience
73 · Top 31%
vs71 · Top 34%
Housing affordability: 40391 is the more favorable of the two.
Housing affordability
91 · Top 30%
vs98 · Top 15%
Schools: 40391 is the more favorable of the two.
Schools
34 · Bottom 27%
vs35 · Bottom 28%
Access: 31904 is the more favorable of the two.
Access
51 · Bottom 4%
vs50 · Bottom 4%
Economic stability: 40391 is the more favorable of the two.
Economic stability
34 · Bottom 13%
vs43 · Bottom 23%
Measured values
| Metric | 31904 | 40391 | Source period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 35,405 | 36,796 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median household income | $66,291 | $64,144 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Per capita income | $40,675 | $37,674 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Population density | 1,287/sq mi | 155/sq mi | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median home value | $226,000 | $204,900 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median gross rent | $1,094 | $938 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Homeownership rate | 51.8% | 70.6% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Unemployment rate | 4.3% | 5.0% | June 2026 |
| Employment change (year over year) | 1.0% | -0.4% | June 2026 |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 32.0% | 22.7% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Poverty rate | 20.1% | 14.7% | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Average July high | 93°F | 87°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Average January low | 38°F | 25°F | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Annual precipitation | 48.8" | 49.8" | 1991-2020 Normals |
| Distance to major airport | 82 mi | 80 mi | NASR current cycle |
| Average commute | 19.5 min | 26.0 min | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Median age | 37.6 | 40.4 | 2024 ACS 5-Year |
| Public schools | 8 | 10 | 2024-25 school year |
| Students per teacher | 13.64 | 15.33 | 2024-25 school year |
| Math proficiency | 17.6% | 24.9% | 2019-20 school year |
| Reading proficiency | 21.5% | 38.2% | 2019-20 school year |
| Free or reduced-price lunch eligibility | 97.3% | 61.7% | 2024-25 school year |
A bolded value is the more favorable of the two where the metric has a clear direction. Metrics like population and density have no inherent better or worse and are shown unweighted.
Georgia and Kentucky do not give the same test. Each state writes its own assessment and sets its own passing score, so the two proficiency rows above are not directly comparable — the difference between them partly measures which standard is harder. Students per teacher and the school count are unaffected, and each profile ranks its own proficiency within its own state.
Physical risk tradeoff
31904
Elevated or high exposure: lightning.
40391
No hazard reaches elevated exposure.
Full profiles: 31904 — Columbus, GA · 40391 — Winchester, KY · How this is calculated: methodology