22601Winchester, Virginia

Area Profile

Income, jobs, climate, physical risk and development data for ZIP code 22601.

54out of 100
Area Score
Bottom 27% of 5,279 profiles measured

How we calculate this

How this area ranks
Data updated · 12 sources
Opportunity4,702nd of 6,188 ZIP areas measured42
Schools3,004th of 4,422 ZIP areas measured38
Growth4,703rd of 5,428 ZIP areas measured27
Housing affordability5,137th of 6,580 ZIP areas measured60
Climate3,566th of 6,789 ZIP areas measured69
Physical resilienceTop 24% of 6,709 ZIP areas measured80
Access5,722nd of 6,791 ZIP areas measured75
Economic stability4,924th of 6,742 ZIP areas measured46
The quick read

Employment conditions sit below most comparable published ZIP profiles: unemployment is 3.9% and the Opportunity signal places 22601 in the bottom 24%.

Residential permitting has slowed: 63 units authorized over the past twelve months, 44% below the prior year.

Natural-hazard exposure is lower than in most comparable published ZIP profiles, placing 22601 in the top 24% for physical resilience.

These sentences are written by fixed rules from the measurements below — a statement appears because a number crossed a stated threshold, and the values behind it are stored with it. No figure anywhere on this site is invented, estimated or inferred to fill a gap. How this works.

At a glance

Population
29,230
2024 ACS 5-Year
Median household income
$64,258
Bottom 37% nationally
Density
2,990/sq mi
9.8 sq mi of land
Median age
37.3
2024 ACS 5-Year
City
Winchester
Virginia
Metro area
Winchester, VA-WV
Nearest major airport
IAD
41 mi · Washington Dulles Intl
Median home value
$339,800
2024 ACS 5-Year

Jobs & opportunity

Unemployment of 3.9% is lower than 71% of the 6,544 measured US ZIP areas.

Employment fell 2.6% over the past year, to 13,938 employed residents.

MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Median household income ±$2,561$64,258Bottom 37%of 31,1972024 ACS 5-Year
Per capita income ±$2,113$36,719Top 50%of 32,8222024 ACS 5-Year
Poverty rate20.7%Top 17%of 32,9702024 ACS 5-Year
Average commute22.0 minBottom 20%of 32,8872024 ACS 5-Year
Bachelor's degree or higher31.1%Top 32%of 33,1932024 ACS 5-Year
Employment13,938Bottom 8%of 6,544June 2026
Employment change (3 years)-4.9%Bottom 4%of 6,542June 2026
Employment change (year over year)-2.6%Bottom 12%of 6,544June 2026
Labor force14,509Bottom 8%of 6,544June 2026
Labor force participation65.0%Top 33%of 33,2522024 ACS 5-Year
Mean annual wage$60,410Bottom 20%of 6,0722025 OEWS
Median annual wage$47,070Bottom 20%of 6,0722025 OEWS
Unemployment change (year over year)0.5%Top 31%of 6,544June 2026
Unemployment rate3.9%Bottom 29%of 6,544June 2026
Median household income, successive ACS releases
202120222023202467k61k
Each point is a separate five-year estimate, most recently $64,258 in the 2024 ACS 5-Year. Consecutive releases share four years of sample, so AreaProfile shows them as a record of successive estimates and does not compute a year-over-year change from them.
Largest occupations — Winchester, VA-WV
OccupationPeople employedMedian annual wage
Retail Salespersons2,290$30,780
Stockers and Order Fillers1,840$36,170
Fast Food and Counter Workers1,700$28,360
Cashiers1,690$29,600
Registered Nurses1,630$95,650
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand1,580$41,910

Occupational employment and wages are published for metropolitan areas rather than for individual cities or ZIP areas, so these describe the wider labor market this location sits in. 2025 OEWS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics does not publish labor-force data for ZIP areas. This is the figure for Winchester, VA, the city containing this ZIP code.

45% of students met the state standard in mathematics and 55% in reading, across the schools here that reported results.

There are 16.9 students for every full-time teacher across 8 public schools, more than in most measured places.

Public schools
8
2024-25 school year
Students per teacher
16.9
across all schools here
Math proficiency
44.9%
Bottom 41% in Virginia
Reading proficiency
55.2%
Bottom 33% in Virginia
SchoolDistrictStudentsPer teacherMathReading
John Handley HighWinchester City Public Schools1,36122.0
James Wood MiddleFrederick County Public Schools87312.732%47%
Daniel Morgan MiddleWinchester City Public Schools64222.155%62%
John Kerr ElementaryWinchester City Public Schools58314.951%59%
Daniel Morgan IntermediateWinchester City Public Schools57521.337%52%
Virginia Avenue Charlotte Dehart ElementaryWinchester City Public Schools41515.450%57%
Garland R. Quarles ElementaryWinchester City Public Schools41014.650%55%
Frederick Douglass ElementaryWinchester City Public Schools37613.050%59%

81.8% of students here are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. That describes the circumstances families arrive with rather than how the schools perform, which is why AreaProfile shows it and does not score it.

Public schools only, from the NCES Common Core of Data. Schools are placed by ZIP code, so this is which schools are in this place rather than which one a particular address is zoned for — district boundaries do not follow municipal ones, and enrollment zones change. Fully virtual schools are excluded: they enroll students from across the state while reporting one administrative address, and counting them here would describe a school population this place does not have. The assessment covers grades 3 through 8, so a high school shows no proficiency figure — a dash in those columns means the test was not given at that school, not that it performed badly. Proficiency is measured against Virginia’s own standard, so it compares cleanly within the state and only broadly against other states; AreaProfile therefore ranks it within state. The directory is current, while the proficiency figures are from the last school year with national coverage before the pandemic interrupted testing.

Housing & affordability

How it’s calculated →

Prices for everything a household buys run about 5% below the national average — the Bureau of Economic Analysis index reads 94.6, against 100 for the nation. Housing drives most of that difference.

A new two-bedroom lease runs about $1,573, some 18% above the $1,335 tenants already here pay — the market has moved faster than sitting tenancies have.

Median rent of $1,335 takes 25% of median household income, below the 30% threshold at which a household is considered cost-burdened.

A median home at $339,800 costs 5.3 times the median household income of $64,258, well above the historic benchmark, at a level conventionally described as seriously unaffordable.

Cost of living
94.6

Prices here run about 5% below the national average. The spread between places is driven mostly by housing — goods vary far less — and this excludes taxes.

Rent as a share of income
24.9%
Below the 30% cost-burdened threshold
Home price to income
5.3×
median home value ÷ median income
Market rent, two bedroom
$1,573
what a new lease costs · FY2026
Median gross rent
$1,335
what tenants now pay · 2024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value
$339,800
2024 ACS 5-Year
MetricValueCompared nationallySource period
Cost of living index94.6Bottom 29%of 6,0712023
Home price to income5.29Top 14%of 30,0812024 ACS 5-Year
Homeownership rate43.8%Bottom 6%of 32,7502024 ACS 5-Year
Housing units ±19913,216Top 11%of 33,4602024 ACS 5-Year
Market rent, one bedroom$1,255Bottom 43%of 6,478FY2026
Market rent, three bedroom$1,965Bottom 43%of 6,478FY2026
Market rent, two bedroom$1,573Bottom 47%of 6,478FY2026
Median gross rent ±$63$1,335Top 28%of 26,5332024 ACS 5-Year
Median home value ±$17,984$339,800Top 27%of 30,9412024 ACS 5-Year
Rent as a share of income24.9%Top 15%of 26,1762024 ACS 5-Year
Vacancy rate8.3%Bottom 39%of 32,8512024 ACS 5-Year

Both affordability measures come from the same ACS release as the income they are compared with, so the comparison is like for like. They describe housing cost against local earnings and are not a cost-of-living index — transport, groceries, healthcare, insurance and taxes are not included, and a place can look affordable here and still be expensive to live in for reasons this does not capture.

Growth & development

How it’s calculated →
Development Momentum
27/ 100
Ranks 4,703 of 5,428 published ZIP profiles

An AreaProfile calculation combining permit volume per resident, its direction over one and three years, population change and employment growth. Permit volume alone is not the measure.

New construction is predominantly single-family: of 63 units permitted over the past twelve months, none were in buildings of five or more homes.

At 2.3 permitted units per 1,000 residents, building activity is below the median for measured US ZIP areas.

Units permitted
63
12 months ending July 2026
Per 1,000 residents
2.3
Bottom 44% nationally
Year over year
−44%
vs the prior twelve months
Multifamily share
0.0%
units in 5+ unit buildings

The Building Permits Survey is not published for ZIP areas. This is the figure for Winchester, VA, the city containing this ZIP code.

Weather & climate

6 of the twelve months have a normal average temperature between 55°F and 80°F. July averages a high of 87°F and January a low of 24°F.

Normal annual precipitation is 39.0 inches.

10°30°50°70°90°JFMAMJJASOND
Solid line: normal daily high. Dashed line: normal daily low. 1991-2020 normals from NOAA station MARTINSBURG E WV RGNL AP, 18.7 miles from this location.
Precipitation
JFMAMJJASOND4.0"
Normal monthly precipitation, in inches.
MetricValueSource period
Annual precipitation39.0"1991-2020 Normals
Average January low24°F1991-2020 Normals
Average July high87°F1991-2020 Normals
Comfortable months61991-2020 Normals
Seasonal temperature swing43°F1991-2020 Normals

Climate figures are thirty-year normals, not current conditions. They describe what a typical year looks like rather than what the weather is doing today.

Physical risk

80 / 100
Physical resilience

The hazards accounting for most of this area's expected annual loss are hurricane, earthquake and cold wave.

Overall hazard risk is lower than 93% of measured US ZIP areas.

HurricaneModerate
EarthquakeModerate
Cold waveModerate

Low or minimal exposure: winter weather, heat wave, strong wind, hail, inland flooding, lightning, tornado, landslide, ice storm, wildfire, drought, avalanche.

Hazard ratings are AreaProfile calculations derived from the FEMA National Risk Index v1.20.0 (December 2025). FEMA publishes at county level. ZIP values are the land-area-weighted mean of the counties the ZIP Code Tabulation Area intersects. Expected annual loss is not allocated below county level. FEMA does not endorse this presentation. Higher physical resilience means lower exposure.

These are deaths, not offenses — they say nothing about burglary, theft or assault.

Winchester city records 3.1 homicide deaths per 100,000 residents a year, near the middle of counties measured. The CDC does not publish this below county level.

Firearm deaths of all intents run at 10.5 per 100,000 — more than the homicide rate, because nationally most firearm deaths are suicides.

Drug overdose deaths run at 8.3 per 100,000 residents in Winchester city.

Homicide
3.1
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Firearm deaths, all intents
10.5
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Drug overdose
8.3
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths
Suicide
13.7
per 100,000 residents · under 10 deaths

Firearm deaths count every intent together, and nationally the majority are suicides rather than homicides. The two columns overlap and should not be added.

Age-adjusted rates from provisional death certificate records, published by the CDC for Winchester city as a whole — these rates are not published below county level. A county can hold both a dense city center and a quiet suburb whose experience of it is nothing alike, so this describes the county around 22601 rather than 22601 itself. That is why AreaProfile shows these figures and does not put them in the Area Score. Where fewer than ten deaths were recorded the count is suppressed at source, and a rate built on single figures moves sharply between releases. What this measure has that reported crime does not: a death certificate is filed whether or not the local police agency submitted a return that year, so the figures stay comparable between places and over time.

What this profile does not cover

Some things people look for are not on this page, and each is absent for a reason rather than by oversight. The Area Score is calculated without them and the weighting is documented on the methodology page.

Reported crime
Offenses reported to police are published by department rather than by town, so AreaProfile shows a rate only on city profiles, and only where that city’s department submitted every month of a year. Any cities listed on this page carry their own figure where their department reported a full year. A partial year is never scaled up to look complete, and arrest counts or news volume are never substituted for it.
Taxes
Taxes are not published: no source covers them nationally with a method open enough to check. Cost of living now is — the index above is the Bureau of Economic Analysis price parity for this area — but it is a price level for all consumption rather than a budget for a household, its spread is driven mostly by housing, and it excludes taxes. Housing affordability is computed separately from rent, price and income, because that answers a narrower and more actionable question. Nothing here is individualized tax advice.
Anything about a specific address
Every figure describes an area, not a street or a house. School attendance zones, insurance pricing and the character of a neighborhood all vary within the places measured here.

Access

2 major airports lie within 100 miles, the nearest Washington Dulles Intl at 41 miles.

AirportCodeDistanceLongest runway
Washington Dulles IntlIAD41 mi11,500 ft
Baltimore/Washington Intl Thurgood MarshallBWI81 mi10,503 ft
Arnold Palmer RgnlLBE100 mi8,222 ft

Airport identity, position and runway data come from the FAA. “Major airport” is an AreaProfile classification — a public-use civil airport with a paved runway of at least 8,000 feet — not an FAA hub designation. Distances are straight-line, not driving distance.

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Area Score
54
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Data & methodology

Used forSourceSource periodUpdated
AccessFederal Aviation Administration
Airports (NASR) — Aeronautical Data Delivery Service
NASR current cycle28-day NASR cycle
Physical riskFederal Emergency Management Agency
National Risk Index
National Risk Index December 2025 (v1.20.0)Periodic dataset versions (v1.20.0 current)
ClimateNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Monthly)
1991-2020 NormalsEvery ten years (next release follows the 2001–2030 period)
HousingU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
Regional price parities and county personal income
2023Annually, each December
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Local Area Unemployment Statistics
June 2026Monthly
JobsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
2025 OEWSAnnual (spring release)
DemographicsU.S. Census Bureau
Population Estimates Program
July 1, 2024 estimateAnnual (vintage released each spring)
Demographics, Housing, Income, JobsU.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (Table-Based Summary File)
2024 ACS 5-YearAnnual (5-year estimates released each December)
DevelopmentU.S. Census Bureau
Building Permits Survey
12 months ending July 2026Monthly, roughly three weeks after the reference month
SafetyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
Provisional county-level mortality by intent
April 2025 to March 2026Quarterly, with a rolling twelve-month window alongside complete calendar years
SchoolsU.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Common Core of Data and EDFacts assessments
2019-20 school year; 2024-25 school yearDirectory annually; assessment results as EDFacts releases them
HousingU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research
Fair Market Rents
FY2026Annually, each October for the coming fiscal year

Profile recalculated August 30, 2026. Recalculation is not the same as new source data — each figure above shows the period its source actually covers. Read the full methodology or browse every source.

22601 vs Winchester

How this ZIP area compares with Winchester as a whole. Both figures come from the same ACS release, so the comparison is like for like.

22601
Winchester
Median household income: 22601 is the more favorable of the two.
Median household income
$64,258
vs
$63,974
Per capita income: 22601 is the more favorable of the two.
Per capita income
$36,719
vs
$36,588
Population density
2,990/sq mi
vs
3,036/sq mi
Median home value
$339,800
vs
$343,000
Median gross rent: Winchester is the more favorable of the two.
Median gross rent
$1,335
vs
$1,315
Homeownership rate
43.8%
vs
43.6%
Bachelor's degree or higher: Winchester is the more favorable of the two.
Bachelor's degree or higher
31.1%
vs
31.3%
Poverty rate: 22601 is the more favorable of the two.
Poverty rate
20.7%
vs
21.5%
Median age
37.3
vs
36.8

Some demographic statistics use Census ZIP Code Tabulation Areas, which approximate but do not exactly match USPS ZIP delivery geography. See the methodology for how AreaProfile maps between them.